Lesion classification and patterns.

Question 1

Describe both the acute and chronic lesions seen with flea allergic dermatitis in dogs. Include distribution.

Answer 1

Acute lesions: Erythematous macules, papules, crusted papules, erosions/hot spots.
Chronic lesions: Self-induced alopecia, lichenification, and hyperpigmentation.
Lumbosacral area, tail base, and caudomedial thighs, neck sometimes.

Question 2

Describe the distribution and type of skin lesions associated with Lice/Cheyletiella.

Answer 2

Lice: Often no visible lesions or mild scaling and excoriation. Cheyletiella: Marked dorsal seborrhea.
Dorsum- head, neck, trunk, and tail base.

Question 3

Describe the distribution and type of skin lesions associated with Sarcoptic mange.

Answer 3

Paular eruption, erythema, yellow crust, scaling and excoriation. Periocular skin, pinnal margins, elbows, and hocks.

Question 4

Describe the distribution and type of skin lesions associated with Otoacariasis.

Answer 4

Otitis externa characterized by vertical and horizontal canal erythema and a dark brown, ceruminous otic exudate. Ectopic infections of the head, neck, tail and more uncommonly the trunk have been reported.

Question 5

Describe the distribution and type of skin lesions associated with Demodicosis.

Answer 5

Focal/multi-focal or generalised alopecia, scaling, erythema, follicular casts, comedones, furunculosis.Can be localised, generalised or a cause of pododermatitis. Limbs, head, neck, and face may be affected.

Question 6

Describe the distribution and type of skin lesions associated with Trombiculiasis.

Answer 6

Lesions generally manifest as an eruption on the skin folds, feet, ventrum and ventral pinna.

Question 7

Describe the lesions seen with Malassezia infection.

Answer 7

Erythema, yellowish or brownish greasy scale, hyperpigmentation.

Question 8

What are the most commonly affected areas in canine AD?

Answer 8

Face, concave aspect of the pinnae, ventrum, axillae, inguinal area, perineal area, and distal extremities.

Question 9

What additional body site can be involved in AD of

1) Dalmatians.
2) French bulldogs.
3) German shepard dogs.
4) Shar- Peis.
5) West Highland White Terrier.
6) Boxers.

Answer 9

1) Lips.
2) Eyelid, flexure surfaces.
3) Elbows, hind limbs and thorax
4) Thorax, flexure surfaces and dorso-lumbar area.
5) Dorso-lumbar area, flexure surfaces, lips.
6) Ears.

Question 10

List Favrot’s criteria set 1 (there are 8).

Answer 10

1) Age of onset <3 years.
2) Mostly indoor.
3) Corticosteriod-responsive pruritus.
4) Chronic or recurrent yeast infection.
5) Affected front feet.
6) Affected ear pinnae.
7) Non-affected ear margins.
8) Non-affected dorsolumbar area.

Question 11

What is the sensitivity and specificity of Favrot’s criteria (Set 1)?

Answer 11

If 5 criteria are used the sensitivity is 85.4%, specificity is 79.1%.
If 6 criteria are used the sensitivity is 58.2%, specificity is 88.5%.

Question 12

What are Favrots criteria set 2 (there are 7)?

Answer 12

1) Age of onset <3 years.
2) Mostly indoor.
3) Alesional pruritus at onset.
4) Affected front feet.
5) Affected ear pinnae.
6) Non-affected ear margins.
7) Non-affected dorsolumbar area.

Question 13

What is the sensitivity and specificity of Favrot’s criteria (Set 2)?

Answer 13

If 5 criteria are used the sensitivity is 77.2% and the specificity is 83%, if 6 criteria are used sensitivity is 42% and specificity is 93.7%