Leqvio Oral Boards- Question 8 Flashcards
1
Q
Treatment Goal
A
- reduce LDL-C levels at or below 70mg.
- reduce the other risk factors of ASCVD.
- lifestyle modifications & pharmacological approved treatment
2
Q
Primary and secondary prevention guidelines
A
- help determine risk
- AHA/ACC risk calculator is an example.
3
Q
AHA/ACC Risk Calculator
A
- task force developed
- looks at risk factors and enhancers to determine treatment options.
4
Q
Statins
A
- inhibits the production of LDL-C in the liver by HMG-COA reductase
- blocks the synthesis of LDL-C and increases break of LDL
- primary goal- 50% or greater in lowering LDL-C levels
5
Q
Intensity levels of Statins
A
- low- lowers LDL levels <30%
- moderate- lowers LDL levels <50%
- high- lowers LDL levels at or <50%
6
Q
Examples of Statin
A
- lipitor- atorvastain (a-tor-a-vastain)
- Zocor- Simvastatin
7
Q
Non-Statin Therapies
A
- used alone or as an add on to treatment
- usually added on when patients LDL-C levels aren’t reaching optimal levels
8
Q
List Non-Statin Therapies
A
- Bile Acid Sequestrant- lowers LDL 15-30%
- Cholesterol absorption inhibitors- shows 20% reduction of LDL
- ACL inhibitors- lowers LDL levels by an additional 15-30%
- inclisiran (newer)- lowers by an additional 50-53%
9
Q
PCSK9 inhibitors
A
- added to statin reduce LDL-C levels by an additional 43-64%
- monoclonal antibodies, PCSK9 inhibitors, help the liver clear LDL-C by attaching to PCSK9 and blocking them from attaching to the LDL receptors.
- this allows the receptors to do their job in continuing to clear LDL-C from the body.
10
Q
PCSK9
A
- excess cholesterol in the body is mainly swept away by LDL receptors.
- Protein that controls the presence of LDL receptors on the cell surface, and impacts how much cholesterol is removed from bloodstream.
- degrades the LDL receptors before they hit the cell surface.
- This allows for more LDL to remain in the blood which contributes to hypercholesterolemia.
11
Q
Examples of PCSK9 Inhibitors
A
- repatha
- praluent
