Leptospirosis (Week 6) Flashcards
Leptospires has a predilection for:
Kidneys
Liver
Spleen
CNS
Eyes
Genital Tract
a raised level in the blood of urea and other nitrogenous waste compounds that are normally eliminated by the kidneys
uremia
GI signs are common with ______________, and generally, with all AKI
leptospirosis
What can dogs with lepto have?
- Painful muscles and joints and ache all over
- Uveitis
- Meningitis is not common manifestation of lepto, but in cases of meningitis and fever without an obvious cause, consider lepto
What is you see AKI with liver damage and thrombocytopenia?
Suspicions for lepto is really high
(T/F) All dogs with lepto have liver damage
False
What is a classic test for lepto?
MAT - measures the amount of antibody present
What is a classic test for lepto?
MAT - measures the amount of antibody present
What are you doing until you have a second
titer back to confirm a
negative?
Treating all dogs with AKI as possible lepto cases
A highly _________ test is a good screening test, and a negative means the disease is unlikely, but tend to have a lot of False Positives
sensitive
A highly __________ test
is used to confirm disease. It should have few false positive results, but could miss some cases
specific
With this test, a Positive Test means the dog HAS lepto; a Negative test means you should test again in 7-10 days
Zoetis Witness Test
With this test, a positive test doesn’t tell you much, but a Negative test increases my suspicion that the dog does NOT have lepto
Idexx Snap Test
MAT: What is considered a presumptive diagnosis?
single titer of 1:800 or higher (with clinical signs and absence of recent vaccination)
What are are excellent first choice drugs because they are safe with kidney disease and kill leptospires in the blood?
Penicillin and its derivatives like Ampicillin
What is the unfortunate thing about ampicillin?
- they don’t kill leptospires in the kidney
- don’t kill leptospires in the urine
What drug do you use to kill leptospires in the kidney?
Doxycycline or Erythromycin
Can be used as a first line drug, because it gets the leptospires in the blood and in the kidneys
Doxycycline
Tetracyclines and their derivatives are effective against the__________ state
carrier
Doxycycline is also effective for the ____________phase
leptospiremic
Erythromycin is effective for the ___________ state
carrier
Approximately ___________ of dogs with leptospirosis survive
80-90%
During what period of time will MAT titers be hard to interpret?
within the 3 month
window
(after vaccination)
What species is resistant to lepto?
Cats
effectively kill leptospires in the kidney
Tetracyclines (and erythromycin)
