LEOPOLD'S MANEUVER AND LABOR AND DELIVERY

Question 1

are a systematic method of observation and palpation to determine fetal position, presentation, lie and attitude. It is preferably performed after 24 weeks gestation when fetal outline can be palpated

Answer 1

LEOPOLD’S MANEUVERS

Question 2

longest diameter in appearance (longest diameter (axis) is the

Answer 2

length of the fetus

Question 3

FIRST MANEUVERS: FUNDAL GRIP

Answer 3

Purpose: To determine fetal lying part in the fundus & presentation

Procedure: Using both hands

Findings: Head is more firm, hard and round, moves independently. Breech is less well defined that moves only in conjunction with the body.

the head is harder/ firmer than the breech

if the head: round and hard, and the transverse groove of the neck may be felt.

The breech has NO groove and usually feels more angular

the body-if the nurse-midwife feels the head, the fetus is in breech presentation;

if the nurse-midwife feels the buttocks, it means the fetus is in vertex presentation

Question 4

To identify the location of the fetal back. To determine position.

Answer 4

SECOND MANEUVER: UMBILICAL GRIP

Question 5

If the presenting part is not movable as a relatively fixed knoblike part, it is

Answer 5

ENGAGED

Question 6

To determine engagement of the presenting part.

Answer 6

THIRD MANEUVER: PAWLIK’S GRIP

Question 7

To determine the degree of flexion of the fetal head. TO determine attitude or habitus

Answer 7

FOURTH MANEUVER: DEEP GRIP

Question 8

examining fingers will meet an obstruction on the same side as fetal back (hyperextended head)Also palpates infant’s anteroposterior position. If brow is very easily palpated, fetus is at posterior position (occiput pointing towards woman’s back)

Answer 8

POOR ATTITUDE

Question 9

if brow correspond to the side (2nd maneuver) that contained the elbows and knees

Answer 9

GOOD ATTITUDE

Question 10

a symphysis-fundal height (SFH) measurement

Is the method to assess the fetal growth during pregnancy

Typically, the distance from the uterine fundus to the symphysis pubis in centimeters is equal to the week of gestation between the 20th and 31st weeks of pregnancy.

becomes inaccurate during the third trimester of pregnancy because the fetus is growing more in weight than in height during this time

Answer 10

MCDONALD’S RULE

Question 11

36 wks

Answer 11

xiphoid process

Question 12

a standard way of calculating the due date for a pregnancy.

Answer 12

NAEGELE’S RULE

Question 13

Determines the Age of Gestation (AOG) of a fetus depending on the height of the fundus

Answer 13

BARTHOLOMEW’S RULE

Question 14

16 wks

Answer 14

between symphysis pubis and umbilicus

Question 15

At 20 to 22 wks

Answer 15

at the location of the umbilicus