ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY OF M/F REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS Flashcards
refers to the organ in which gametogenesis occurs.
A body organ that produces sex cells
GONADS
female gonad
OVARY
male gonad
TESTIS
At approximately week __ of intrauterine life, primitive gonadal tissue is already formed.
Male and female gonads appear as gonadal ridges
WEEK 5
In both sexes, two undifferentiated ducts are present:
mesonephric (wolffian) and paramesonephric (müllerian) ducts
in chromosomal males, this early gonadal tissue differentiates into primitive testes and begins formation of testosterone.
Under the influence of testosterone, the mesonephric duct begins to develop into the male reproductive organs, and the paramesonephric duct regresses.
WEEK 7-8
If testosterone is not present by week ____ the gonadal tissue differentiates into ovaries, and the paramesonephric duct develops into female reproductive organs.
WEEK 10
At about week ___ , the external genitals develop.
week 12
Puberty is initiated by
hypothalamic pituitary – gonad complex.
is the stage of life at which secondary sex changes begin
Puberty
Responsible for muscular development, physical growth.
An increase in sebaceous gland secretions causing typical acne in both boys & girls.
Produced by adrenal cortex & testes (males)
ANDROGENIC HORMONES
enables union of the oocyte by the sperm
FERTILIZATION
Saclike structure containing the testes
SCROTUM
series of ducts, accessory glands, and supporting structures
TESTES
regulates the temperature in the testes
dartos and cremaster muscles
regulates the temperature in the testes
dartos and cremaster muscles
where sperm cells develop
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
pudendum; external female genitalia
VULVA
small, erectile structure; well supplied with sensory receptors, made up of erectile tissue
CLITORIS
region bet. The vagina and the anus
Clinical perineum
series of changes that occur in sexually mature, non-pregnant females, and that culminate in menses
Menstrual cycle
a condition in which the entire uterus is tipped far forward
ANTEVERSION
bent sharply forward at the junction with the cervix
ANTEFLEXION
a condition in which the entire uterus is tipped backward
RETROVERSION
a condition in which the body is bent sharply back just above the cervix
RETROFLEXION
occurs when the breasts of a male become permanently enlarged; results from hormonal
imbalance and the abuse of anabolic steroids
▪ caused by male estrogen levels that
are too high
GYNECOMASTIA
occurs when the breasts of a male become permanently enlarged; results from hormonal
imbalance and the abuse of anabolic steroids
▪ caused by male estrogen levels that
are too high
GYNECOMASTIA
▪ stimulates labor
▪ Increased uterine contractions
▪ increased milk expulsion from mammary
glands
OXYTOCIN
