Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BCSCSAP Review > Lens & Cataract > Flashcards

Lens & Cataract Flashcards

1
Q

eye with extreme increased axial length susceptible to this issue

A

lens-iris diaphragm repulsion syndrome (LIDRS)

reverse pupillary block and AC deepens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is the germative zone of the lens epithelium located?

A

immediately anterior to the lens equator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

oily rings of debris aroudn the lashes “collarettes” are hallmark for this and RF for surgery

A

blepharitis and meibomianitis

endophthalmitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Reduces PCO formation in acrylic foldable IOL

A

truncated or square-edge optic design

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

best describes viscosity of an OVD

A

resistance to flow; thickness or thinness of a fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cohesive OVD

A

long-chain, high MW, high viscosity

maintain space well at no or low shear rate, displaced at high shear rates

easier to remove from eye because they stick together (spaghetti)

minimal coating (less protection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Optical characteristics of human lens with age

A

increasing anterior and posterior curvature

decrease index of refraction

(increased index of refraction in NSC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Type of cataract characteristic of ischemic ocular conditions eg Takayasu arteritis, Buerger disease, anterior segment necrosis

A

posterior subcapsular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

lens with higher rates of capsular opacification

A

round edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lens has higher level of what compared to surrounding aqeous and vitreous

A

K+

amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

This patient c/o glare and vague shadow (double) image. Cause of this problem?

A

Capsular rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Association explains patient’s disorder for abnormality shown

A

anterior subcapsular cataract a/w atopic dermatitis

cataract formation in 25% (2nd and 3rd decade) resemble shield like plaques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

type of IOL most likely to cause negative dysphotopsia

A

square-edge posterior chamber IOL in the capsular bag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Decentered PC IOLs of all types cause this

A

positive dysphotopsias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Thickness at each portion

A

A - 14 um

B - 21 um

C - 17 um

D - 23 um

E - 4 um

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

88 yo F p/w pain and redness, VA HM

Diagnosis

A

phacolytic glaucoma

often large white particles seen in AC

(note: not phacoantigenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Medication that caused this complication

A

Afluzosin (alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist)

(floppy iris syndrome RF for intraoperative iridodialysis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Changes occur to lens epithelial cells during terminal differentiation

A

increase in cell protein content and loss of organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MC cataract in RP

A

PSC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

RF a/w intraoperative choroidal hemorrhage

A

Glaucoma

HTN

tachycardia

obesity

high myopia

anticoagulation

advanced age

chronic ocular inflammation

(Note: younger age reduces risk)

21
Q

What percentage of lens glucose passes through the citric acid cycle?

A

3%

22
Q

Change in lens and zonule when ciliary muscle contracts?

A

the equatorial diameter of the lens decreases

diameter of muscle ring reduced

zonular tension decreases

axial thickness of lens increases

dioptric power increases

23
Q

OVD that maintains volume and expels easily

A

cohesive

24
Q

Management intraop for patient with numerous corneal guttae

A

increase use of dispersive OVD during phacoemulsification

25
Q

molecular activity in crystalline lens that is most a/w development of age-related nuclear sclerosis

A

formation of protein-to-glutathione disulfide bonds

proteins aggregate to become large particles that are water-insoluble and scatter light

26
Q

cataract a/w chalcosis

A

sunflower cataract

petal-shaped deposition of yellow or brown pigment in lens capsule that radiates from anterior axial pole of lens to equator

27
Q

after hydrodissection, anterior movement of entire iris-lens diaphragm and collapse of AC. No pain and high IOP

A

posterior fluid misdirection syndrome

28
Q

enzyme that protects lens from free radical or oxidative damage

A

superoxide dismutase

(catalyzes destruction of superoxide anion O2- and prodcues H2O2)

Others: catalase, glutathione peroxidase

29
Q

s/p cataract surgery, patient requires unexpectedly large myopic over-refraction. Etiology?

A

capsular block

(distention of capsular bag - forward displacment of lens optic results in myopic shift)

Tx with Nd:YAG which releases posterior fluid

30
Q

Patient is at increased risk for what s/p CE+IOL

A

posterior capsular opacification

31
Q

POM3 myopic change of -2.00.

Cause?

A

capsular contraction

RF small capsulorrhexis, abnormal or asymmetric zonular support, silicone plate haptic IOL

32
Q

CE in an eye with controlled uveitis

A

phaco and placement of acrylic IOL in capsular bag

33
Q

Diagnosis and expected complaint?

A

“oil-droplet” cataract

monocular diplopia

34
Q

Developmental process results in formation of Y-sutures

A

fusion of embryonic cells within the fetal nucleus

35
Q

Lens abnormality

A

anterior polar cataract

(note: mittendof dot is on posterior lens capsule, inferonasal)

36
Q

greatest RF for phimosis syndrome

A

pseudoexfoliation syndrome

(marfan syndrome, small cpasulorrhexis, silicone IOL)

37
Q

systemic medication most likely to cause severe intraoperative floppy iris syndrome

A

tamsulosin

(SELECTIVE alpha 1a adrenergic antagonist)

Note: Nonselective - afluzosin, doxazosin, terazosin

38
Q

average amount of IOP lowering effect expected from phaco + IOL implantation in eye with high IOP

A

10%-34% lowering of IOP

39
Q

histology of PSC

A

posterior migration of lens epithelial cells

40
Q

Strongly a/w what factor during cataract surgery

A

pseudoexfoliation

progressive capsular contration or capsular phimosis

(complete phimosis of anterior capsular opening)

41
Q

clinical feature would increase suspicion that a patient has a traumatically dislocated or subluxed crystalline lens

A

imparied accomodation

42
Q

light a/w this type of cataract

A

cortical

43
Q

RF for NSC cataract

A

smoking and statins

44
Q

rate-limiting step in glucose phosphorylation

A

hexokinase reaction

45
Q

carbohydrate metabolism change with high glucose

A

aldose reductase activity increases

46
Q

pigmentary mottling of macula 3 weeks after exposure

A

microscope-induced light toxicity

47
Q

intraoperative adjustment if excessive postocclusion surge noticed

A

reduce maximum vacuum setting

48
Q

Lens change after hyperbaric oxygen

A

nuclear cataract

myopic shift

49
Q

Tx ciliary block glaucoma

A

cycloplegia with atropine and aggresive aqueous suppression with topicals and hyperosmotics (oral glycerin IV mannitol)

AVOID MIOTICS

(if necessary)

Nd:YAG iridozonulohyaloidotomy

vitrectomy

BCSCSAP Review (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions