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History HL > Lenin > Flashcards

Lenin Flashcards

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1
Q

February Revolution

A

1917

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2
Q

Fundamental Laws

A

1906 ‘supreme autocratic power lay with the tsars’

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3
Q

article 87

A

1906 tsar had power to govern by decree

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4
Q

Growth in criticisms of tsarism due to

A

political debate in zemstva, greater intelligentsia and growth of education

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5
Q

Stolypin introduces martial law

A

1906-11 repressive government, okhrana

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6
Q

Lena Goldfields massacre

A

1912- okhrana as agents provocateurs, killed many miners demanding better pay/conditions

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7
Q

Tsar failed to make political reforms

A

during WWI. Closed down Duma, gave power to Tsarina and Rasputin, big mistake

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8
Q

propaganda undermines regime eg Pravda

A

40,000 copies sold per day by 1914

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9
Q

Nicholas was weak and narrow minded and incompetent

A

alexandra and rasputin 1915, army dissatisfied with him

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10
Q

Peasants problems (before 1917)

A

poverty, land, famines, stolypin’s reforms helped kulaks

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11
Q

Workers problems (before 1917)

A

long hours, low pay, conditions, inflation

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12
Q

WWI impact

A

morale, economy (no trade, railways, shipping), tsar looked incompetent

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13
Q

Feb 1917 revolution course

A

International women’s day, riots, provisional government, mensheviks set up soviet, Nicholas abdicates

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14
Q

February Dual Power

A

1917 Prov gov and soviets- power lay with soviets, PG didn;t solve peace land and bread

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15
Q

Lenin’s April Thesis

A

April 1917 addressed peace land and bread, opposed war

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16
Q

Kerensky’s July Days

A

June/July 1917 armed offesives against PG

17
Q

Kornilov affair

A

August 1917 armed Bolsheviks to defeat Kornilov. Bolsheviks were the heroes

18
Q

Bolsheviks had majority in soviets

A

Septmeber 1917

19
Q

October revolution

A

October 1917, Lenin persuaded revolution took over key buildings, kerensky failed to counter, Council of People’s commissars announced Lenin= Chairman

20
Q

Bolshevik support increase June to December 1917

A

164%

21
Q

Red Terror

A

all non-bolshevik papers closed, Cheka could arrest without trial, 50,000 killed inc. tsar and family

22
Q

Constituent assembly

A

Jan 1918 Bolsheviks only won 175 seats, SRs 370, Lenin surrounding building with Red Guards and closed the assembly

23
Q

Decree on Land and Workers control

A

November 1917 land to peasants adn workers control over factories

24
Q

War Communism

A

July 1918 state control over economy, food rationed, led to famine as peasants refused to grow food 1921 5 million dead

25
Q

Decree on nationalisation

A

June 1918 govt took control of all factories

26
Q

Kronstadt Revolt

A

March 1921 sailors mutinied, crushed by Trotksy

27
Q

New Economic Policy

A

1921 allowed several aspects of capitalism to return, small businesses privatised. 7 years of stability, but nepmen and kulaks etc. got rich

28
Q

Decree against factionalism

A

1921 no factions could be formed

29
Q

Trotsky a ‘dynamo of the militarised state’

A

Krasso

30
Q

Trotsky’s valuable contributions

A

Chairman of Military Revolutionary Committee, planned Oct Rev, stormed winter palace, great orator, suppressed Kronstadt, victory in civil war
but opposed NEP and failed to defend against political attacks.

31
Q

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

A

1918, harsh terms signed with Germany to get them out of the war, lost 25% population, 70% of coal and iron, 27% of best farmland

32
Q

Comintern

A

1919 dominated by Lenin

33
Q

Anglo-Soviet Trade Agreement

A

1921

34
Q

Civil War

A

1918-21 Whites were disorganised, lacked cooperation and a leader, split up geographically, unpopular in Russia
Reds Won because united, held heartland, one dynamic leader, used red terror, preferred by peasants

35
Q

USSR Formed

A

1923 run by a dictatorship of the communist party

36
Q

Lenin’s Death

A

January 1924

History HL (10 decks)

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