Lektion 7: Federalism

Question 1

What is the contemporary territorial governance?

Answer 1

The territorial organization of the nation-state – the quintessentially modern form of political
organization.

The nation-state is the quintessentially modern form of political organization with distinctive features of territorial organization.

Question 2

What is a Federal states

Answer 2

: (lande der er delt ind i små stater)

• The US and Switzerland
• Many federal states that failed, failed because of lack of common national identity.
• Co-ordinate federalism (USA)
• Cooperative federalism (Germany)

Question 3

What is an Unitary states?

Answer 3

(hele lande)

• The French model
• Driven by Napoleon
• Nationalism was the driving force behind unification of political fragmented territories such as Germany and Italy.
• It came in order to overcome diversity in the countries.

Question 4

What’s the difference between Unitarian and federal systems?

Answer 4

• the differences are based mainly on the constitutional divisions between the national and the sub-national levels of government.
• Both federal and unitary states must be further disarggregated into different kinds of federal and unitary states depending on ther degrees of centralization and decentralization.

Question 5

Why did some countries (not by own choice) end up being federal states?

Answer 5

• size
• Lack of monarchial structure
• Strong cleavage in population

Question 6

The basic note of feudalism?

Answer 6

• the combination of shared rule for some purpose
• And the lacking of bacis rules in the other.
• So that neither political system is subordinate to the other.

Question 7

What is Nationalism and territorial governance?

Answer 7

• Unitary states more vulnerable to ‘internal nationalisms’
• Unitary states have to unify divides
• Federations may fail if lacking unifying national identity

Question 8

What transformation have they explored?

Answer 8

• The development of ”non-hierarchical” systems of governance reflect the wider shift from ”principal-agent” to ”choice-models” and has meant that relations among levels of government now exist in new and varying configurations.
• The shift from the old-style welfare state model to a more bydrid model meant significant shifts in territorial governance (decentralization etc)

Question 9

What was the final stage of the process of nation-states building?

Answer 9

• the welfare state which began at the French Revolution
• In both federal and unitary states it implied a certain form of territorial organization, which emphasized centralization and central regulation of sub-national authorities.

Question 10

What is Dual federalism?

Answer 10

• Clear division of tasks
• Own resources
• Competition

Question 11

What is Cooperative federalism?

Answer 11

• Stronger overlap
• Joint decision-making
• Shared taxation and spending

Question 12

What is Decentralization vs. Centralization

Answer 12

• There is no link between Unitarian/centralisation on one hand and feudalism/decentralisation on the other.
• Political decentralization means the transfer of the decision-making powers from the central state to the sub-national levels of government.

Question 13

What is Regionalism:

Answer 13

• refers to an ideology and political movement that advocates the control of regional affairs the control of regional affairs by regional populations through setting up regional governments of some kind. BUTTOM-UP

Question 14

What is Regionalization:

Answer 14

TOP-DOWN.

Are the policies developed by central governments for regional territories.

Question 15

Whaat is Deconcentrazation:

Answer 15

• Means the transfer of some administrative functions to sub-national levels of administration.