Legal Flashcards

This deck contains words and expressions common to the legal field. It is particularly useful for court interpreting.

1
Q

Abandonment

A

Abandono

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2
Q

Abate (lower)

A

Reducir / rebajar

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3
Q

Abide by

A

Respetar / cumplir con / acatar

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4
Q

Above-named

A

Antedicho / sobredicho

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5
Q

Abrogate

A

Abrogar

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6
Q

Abuse of discretion

A

Abuso de discreción

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7
Q

According to law

A

Conforme a derecho

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8
Q

Acquit

A

Absolver

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9
Q

Acquittal

A

Absolución

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10
Q

Adjourn

A

Levantar / suspender la sesión

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11
Q

Admissible evidence

A

Pruebas admisibles

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12
Q

Affidavit

A

Declaración jurada (por escrito)

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13
Q

Aggravated assault (definition)

A

A felony that may involve an assault committed with a weapon or with the intent to commit a serious crime, such as rape.

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14
Q

Aggravated… (adj)

A

…con agravante

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15
Q

Aid and abet

A

Asistir e instigar / auxiliar e incitar

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16
Q

Alibi

A

Coartada

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17
Q

Alimony

A

Pensión alimenticia

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18
Q

All intents and purposes

A

En efecto / prácticamente

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19
Q

All stages of the proceedings

A

Todas las etapas del proceso

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20
Q

Allegation

A

Alegación / alegato / acusación

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21
Q

Alleged (adj.)

A

Supuesto

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22
Q

Allocution (right of)

A

Derecho a la última palabra

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23
Q

Amend

A

Enmendar / modificar

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24
Q

Appeal (noun)

A

Apelación

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25
Appeal (verb)
Apelar
26
Appeals Court
Tribunal de apelaciones
27
Approach the bench
Acercarse al estrado
28
Arbitration
Arbitraje
29
Arguments of counsel
Argumentos orales de los abogados
30
Armed robbery
Robo a mano armada
31
Arraignment
Acusación formal / lectura de cargos
32
Arrest (noun)
Arresto / detención
33
Arrest (verb)
Arrestar / detener
34
Arrest on suspicion of
Arrestar / detener como sospechoso de
35
Arrest record
Expediente de arresto / antecedente de arresto
36
Assault (definition)
Any intentional act that causes another person to fear that she is about to suffer physical harm.
37
Assault (translation)
Agresión
38
Assault and battery
Agresión con lesiones
39
Assault with a deadly weapon
Agresión con arma mortal
40
Assets
Bienes
41
Attest
Atestiguar / certificar
42
Attorney
Abogado / licenciado (Mex, USA)
43
Bail
Fianza
44
Bail bond
Bono de fianza
45
Bail exoneration
Descargo de la fianza
46
Bail forfeiture
Pérdida de la fianza
47
Bailiff
Alguacil
48
Bankruptcy
Quiebra / bancarrota
49
Bar Assocation
Colegio de abogados
50
Basis (factual)
Fundamento / base
51
Battery (definition)
Physically attacking another person.
52
Battery (noun)
Lesiones / golpes
53
Bench
Estrado / banco / juez
54
Bench conference
Consulta en el estrado
55
Bench trial
Juicio ante el juez / sin jurado
56
Bench warrant (definition)
Court order authorizing the seizure of a person in order for them to appear in court.
57
Bench warrant (translation)
Orden judicial de arresto (o) de captura / detención / aprehensión
58
Beyond a reasonable doubt
Más allá de una duda razonable
59
Bind over
Consignar
60
Bind over for trial
Consignar para ser enjuiciado
61
Blood alcohol level
Concentración de alcohol en la sangre
62
Blunt instrument
Arma contundente
63
Book (verb)
Fichar (el arresto / la detención)
64
Brandish a weapon
Blandir un arma
65
Breaking and entering
Escalamiento / allanamiento / entrada (ilegal)
66
Breathalyzer
Alcoholímetro
67
Bring an action
Entablar un juicio / entablar un proceso de demanda / entablar una demanda
68
Bring to trial
Someter a juicio
69
Burden of proof
La carga de la prueba / peso de la prueba
70
Burglary (definition)
The unlawful entry to a structure to commit theft or a felony. In order for burglary to take place, a victim does not have to be present. When a burglary takes place, the structure being unlawfully entered can be any number of building types including business offices, personal homes and even garden sheds. Burglary is not the term used for crimes committed on cars.
71
Burglary (translation)
Escalamiento para robar
72
Chambers
Despacho del juez
73
Charge (verb)
Acusar
74
Charges
Acusaciones / cargos / imputaciones
75
Child support
Manutención de menores
76
Circumstantial evidence
Pruebas indirectas / circunstanciales
77
Citation
Citación
78
Claim (noun)
Demanda / reclamación / reclamo
79
Claim (verb)
Reclamar
80
Claim for damages
Reclamación por daños y perjuicios
81
Class action suit
Demanda colectiva
82
Clerk of the court
Secretario de actas
83
Closing statement
Declaración de clausura
84
Codefendant (criminal)
Coacusado (criminal)
85
Collection agency
Agencia de cobranza / agencia de cobros
86
Concurrent sentences
Condenas concurrentes / simultáneas
87
Consecutive sentences
Condenas consecutivas
88
Conspiracy (noun)
Conspiración
89
Conspire (verb)
Conspirar
90
Constitutional right
Derecho constitucional
91
Continuance
Aplazamiento / extensión / prórroga
92
Controlled substance
Sustancia regulada / sustancia de uso reglamentado
93
Convict (verb)
Condenar
94
Convicted
Condenado
95
Counterclaim (noun)
Contrademanda
96
Criminal mischief
Vandalismo
97
Default (noun)
Incumplimiento / por rebeldía
98
Default judgement
Fallo por falta de comparecencia
99
Defendant (civil)
Demandado (civil)
100
Defendant (criminal)
Acusado / inculpado / imputado (criminal)
101
Defendant is charged with
Al acusado se le imputa el delito de
102
Defense exhibits
Pruebas de defensa / pruebas de descargo
103
Deferred prosecution
Enjuiciamiento diferido / enjuiciamiento postergado
104
Deferred sentence / deferred judgement / withheld judgement
Condena aplazada / pena aplazada / desistimiento previa comprobación del cumplimiento de ciertas condiciones
105
Deny a motion
Denegar una petición legal
106
Deputy Director
Subdirecto
107
Detainee
Detenido
108
Difference in guilty and nolo contendere pleas
Nolo contendere allows the defendant to resolve proceedings against him in criminal court while not allowing this plea to be used against him in any subsequent civil actions. A guilty plea offers no such protection.
109
Difference in parole and probation
Probation and parole are both alternatives to incarceration. However, probation occurs prior to and often instead of jail or prison time, while parole is an early release from prison. In both probation and parole, the party is supervised and expected to follow certain rules and guidelines.
110
Discovery
Revelación de prueba / divulgación de prueba
111
Dismiss (a case)
Desechar / desestimar / rechazar
112
Dismiss with prejudice
Desestimar con sobreseimiento libre / Denegación con pérdida de derecho a nuevo juicio
113
Dismiss without prejudice
Desestimar con sobreseimiento provisional / Denegación sin pérdida de derecho a nuevo juicio
114
Disorderly conduct
Conducta escandolosa
115
Dispatch center
Centro de despacho
116
Disturbing the peace
Alterar el orden público
117
Diversion (Rehabilitation program)
Programa de rehabilitación
118
Docket
Lista de casos
119
Drop the charges
Retirar los cargos
120
DUI
Manejar (conducir) bajo los efectos / la influencia del alchohol
121
Duly sworn
Debidamente juramentado
122
Egregious
Flagrante
123
Electronic monitoring
Vigilancia electrónica
124
Enforce
Aplicar / ejecutar / hacer cumplir
125
Enhancements
Factores que aumentan/incrementan el castigo/la pena
126
Enter a plea
Contestar a los cargos / declararse
127
Evidentiary hearing
Audiencia probatoria
128
Examination (noun)
Interrogatorio
129
Cross-examination (noun)
Contrainterrogatorio
130
Cross-examine (verb)
Contrainterrogar / repreguntar
131
Direct examination
Interrogatorio directo
132
Recross examination
Segundo contrainterrogatorio
133
Redirect examination
Segundo interrogatorio directo
134
Examine (verb)
Interrogar
135
Exhibit (noun)
Documento de prueba
136
Expunge
Borrar
137
Extenuating circumstances
Circunstancias extenuantes
138
Factual basis
Fundamento
139
Felony
Crimen / delito grave / felonía (USA)
140
Find guilty
Dictar un fallo condenatorio / hallar culpable
141
For the record
Para que conste en las actas
142
Foreman / foreperson of the jury
Presidente del jurado
143
Foster family
Familia de crianza / acogida
144
Free on bail (verb)
Salir bajo fianza
145
Garnish
Embargar
146
Grand theft
Hurto mayor
147
Guardian
Tutor
148
Guardian ad litem
Tutor ad litem
149
Harmless
Inofensivo
150
Hearsay evidence
Testimonio de oídas / de terceros
151
Held without bail
Detenido sin fianza
152
Hereby
Por el presente
153
Herein
En el presente
154
Hereinafter
Más adelante
155
Hereinafter known as
A quien se denominará
156
Heretofor
Anteriormente
157
Hereunder
En virtud de éste
158
Hereunto set his hand and seal
Firmó y selló
159
Herewith
Adjunto
160
Hit-and-run
Huir después de un accidente / chocar y huir / choque y fuga
161
Human trafficking
Tráfico humano
162
Hung jury
Jurado en desacuerdo
163
If the court pleases
Con la venia de Su Señoría
164
In propria persona (definition)
A defendant acting as their own attorney
165
Including but not limited to
Incluyéndose pero no limitándose a
166
Inconsistent testimony
Testimonio conflictivo
167
Indictment
Acusación formal (del gran jurado)
168
Informant
Informador
169
It is so ordered
Ordénese
170
Judgement
Fallo
171
Jump bail
Fugarse estando bajo fianza
172
Jurisdiction
Jurisdicción
173
Justifiable homicide
Homicidio justificado
174
Juvenile court
Tribunal de menores
175
Knowingly, understandably (or intelligently) and voluntarily
A sabiendas y con conocimiento de causa / consciente e intencionalmente
176
Larceny
Hurto / latrocinio
177
Launder money (verb)
Lavar el dinero / blanquear el dinero
178
Law enforcement (abstract)
Aplicación / ejecución de la ley
179
Law enforcement (personnel)
Autoridades (del orden público)
180
Law enforcement agency
Agencia del orden público
181
Law enforcement officer
Agente del orden público
182
Law firm
Bufete de abogados
183
Legal residence
Domicilio legal
184
Lewd act with a child
Acto lascivo con un menor
185
Lineup
Rueda de presos
186
Loitering (verb)
Vagar
187
Loitering (noun)
Vagancia / merodeo
188
Loophole
Resquicio legal
189
Manslaughter
Homicidio culposo
190
Miranda rights
Derechos constitucionales
191
Mirandize
Informar al acusado de sus derechos constitucionales
192
Money laundering (noun)
Lavado de dinero
193
Motion
Petición / moción
194
Motion for judgment notwithstanding verdict (NOV)
pedimento de un fallo contrario al veredicto
195
Motion to consolidate (translation)
Pedimento para acumular las causas
196
Motion to consolidate (definition)
A request to try defendants or charges together for convenience or because separating the evidence would prove difficult.
197
Motion to discover
Pedimento de divulgación / pedimento de revelación
198
Motion to quash
Pedimento de anulación (la acusación o citación)​
199
Motion to reduce bail
Pedimento para reducir la fianza
200
Motion to set aside (judgement)
Pedimento para dejar sin efecto (un fallo)
201
Motion to sever (definition)
To separate either defendants or charges so they are tried separately from one another.
202
Motion to sever (translation)
Pedimento de separación
203
Motion to suppress evidence (after evidence has been presented) / Motion in limine (before evidence is presented)
Pedimento de exclusión de pruebas / Pedimento in limine litis (o) pedimento para excluir cierta prueba mientras se determine su admisibilidad
204
Motion to vacate (order)
Pedimento de invalidación (de una orden)
205
Motion for a directed verdict
pedimento de un veredicto mandado por el juez
206
Motion for a change of venue
Pedimento de cambio de jurisdicción
207
Motion for diversion
pedimento de desviación
208
Motion for judgment on the pleadings
pedimento de un fallo a base de los alegatos solamente
209
Motion for revocation of probation
pedimento de imponer la condena condicional / pedimento de revocación de la libertad vigilada
210
Motion to amend the complaint
pedimento para modificar la acusación
211
Motion to appoint expert witnesses
pedimento para nombrar testigos periciales
212
Motion to determine present sanity
pedimento para determinar la cordura actual
213
No-contact order
Orden que prohibe contacto / orden de alejamiento
214
Nolo contendere (noun)
Declaración de no disputar
215
Nolo contendere (verb)
No disputar
216
Not guilty by reason of insanity
No culpable por razón de demencia
217
Null and void
Nulo y sin valor
218
Objection overruled
Objeción denegada / improcedente / sin lugar
219
Objection sustained
Objeción acogida / procedente / con lugar
220
Objection: argumentative
Argumentativo
221
Objection: hearsay
Habladurías
222
Objection: immaterial
Sin relevancia
223
Objection: leading (question)
Pregunta que insinúa / pregunta sugestiva
224
Objection: relevance
Conexión / relación
225
Objection: vague
Impreciso / vago
226
Offense
Delito
227
Opening statement
Declaración inicial
228
Parole (verb)
Poner en libertad bajo palabra
229
Penalty
Pena / castigo
230
Peremptory challenge
Recusación perentoria
231
Petitioner
Demandante
232
Plaintiff
Demandante
233
Plea agreement
Acuerdo declaratorio / convenio
234
Possession of a firearm
Posesión de arma de fuego / Tenencia de arma de fuego
235
Post bail
Poner una fianza
236
Pre-sentence report
Informe previo a la condena
237
Pre-trial conference
Conferencia previa al juicio
238
Predator
Depredador
239
Preliminary hearing
Audiencia preliminar
240
Preponderance (prevalence) of evidence
Preponderancia de la prueba
241
Pretrial conference
Consulta previa al juicio
242
Prevention of Sexual Assault
Prevención de Abuso Sexual
243
Probable cause
Motivo fundado
244
Probate attorney
Abogado testamentario
245
Probation
Libertad condicional / libertad probatoria / libertad vigilada (Mex)
246
Prosecution exhibit
Prueba de cargo
247
Prosecutor
Fiscal
248
Pursuant to
En virtud de / conforme a / de acuerdo con
249
Rebuttal
Refutación
250
Reckless driving
Manejar de forma imprudente / con descuido
251
Reckless endangerment
Arriesgo imprudente
252
Release on own recognizance (R.O.R.)
Libertad bajo palabra (de honor)
253
Remand
Consignar
254
Rest the case
Concluir la presentación de pruebas
255
Restitution
Restitución / reparaciones / compensación
256
Return a verdict
Rendir / emitir un veredicto
257
Review hearing
Audiencia de revisión
258
Revocation
Revocación
259
Revoke
Revocar
260
Right against self-incrimination
Derecho de no incriminarse
261
Robbery
Robo con violencia / asalto / atraco
262
Robbery (definition)
Taking or trying to take something from someone that has value by utilizing intimidation, force or threat. In order for robbery to take place, a victim must be present at the scene and can occur with a single victim or, in cases like bank hold ups, multiple victims.
263
Sawed-off shotgun
Escopeta recortada
264
Scene (of the crime)
El lugar de los hechos
265
Search warrant
Orden de registro
266
Seize
Decomisar / incautar / confiscar
267
Sentence (verb)
Imponer una condena / pena
268
Sentencing
Imposición de la condena / pena
269
Serve (papers)
Entregar oficialmente
270
Settle
Llegar a un acuerdo
271
Sexual offender
Delincuente sexual
272
Sexual offense
Delito sexual
273
Show cause hearing
Audiencia para fundamentar una causa
274
Sidebar
Consulta en el estrado
275
Sober
Sobrio
276
Speed limit
Límite de velocidad
277
Speeding
Exceder el límite de velocidad / exceso de velocidad
278
Stalk (verb)
Acosar / acechar
279
Stalking (noun)
Acecho / persecución ilícita
280
Statute
Ley / estatuto
281
Stipulation
Estipulación
282
Strike (noun)
Condena / "estraic"
283
Subpoena / notice to appear (noun)
Orden de comparecencia
284
Subpoena (verb)
Citar
285
Superseding indictment
Acusación sustitutiva
286
Terms and conditions of probation
Plazos y condiciones de libertad vigilada
287
The People
El estado / la fiscalía
288
The prosecution
La fiscalía
289
Uphold
Confirmar
290
Usual place of abode
Domicilio habitual
291
Verdict
Veredicto
292
Visa
Visado / visa
293
Voir Dire (noun)
Interrogatorio (para determinar la competencia)
294
Voir Dire (verb)
Interrogar (para determinar la competencia)
295
Waive
Renunciar
296
Warrant
Orden judicial
297
Whereabouts
Paradero
298
Writ
Orden / decreto
299
“In loco parentis” (definition)
The term in loco parentis, Latin for "in the place of a parent" refers to the legal responsibility of a person or organization to take on some of the functions and responsibilities of a parent. Originally derived from English common law, it is applied in two separate areas of the law.