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Gross Anatomy > Leg Muscles > Flashcards

Leg Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior compartment

A 
Tibialis anterior (TA) 
Extensor hallucis longus (EHL) 
Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) 
Fibularis tertius
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2
Q

Lateral compartment

A 
Fibularis longus (FL)
Fibularis brevis (FB)
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3
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Origin : lateral condyle and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
Insertion : medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
Innervation - deep fibular nerve L4, L5
Action - dorsiflexes ankle; inverts foot; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

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4
Q

Extensor hallucis longus (EHL)

A

Origin : middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion : dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)
Innervation : deep fibular nerve L5, S1
Action : extends great toe; dorsiflexes ankle

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5
Q

Extensor digitorum longus (EDL)

A

Origin: lateral condyle of tibia and superior 2/3 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion : middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
Innervation : deep fibular nerve L5, S1
Action : extends lateral four digits; dorsiflexes ankle

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6
Q

Fibularis tertius

A

Origin : inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
Innervation : deep fibular nerve L5, S1
Action : dorsiflexes ankle; aids in eversion of foot

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7
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Origin : head and superior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion : base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve L5, S1, S2,
Action : evert foot; weakly plantar flex ankle; supports transverse arch of foot

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8
Q

Fibularis brevis (FB)

A

Origin : middle part of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion : dorsal surface of tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal
Innervation : superficial fibular nerve L5, S1, S2?
Action : evert foot; weakly plantarflex ankle

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9
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Origin : lateral head - lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
medial head - popliteal surface of femur, superior to medial condyle
Insertion : calcaneal tendon
Innervation : tibial nerve (S1, S2)
Action : plantarflexes ankle when knee is extended; raises heel during walking; flexes knee joint

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10
Q

Soleus

A

Origin: posterior aspect of head of fibula, superior quarter of posterior surface of fibula, soleal line, medial border of tibia
Insertion : calcaneal tendon
Innervation : tibial nerve S1, S2
Action : plantarflexes ankle; steadies leg on foot

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11
Q

Plantaris

A

Origin : inferior end of lateral supra condylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament
Insertion : calcaneal tendon
Innervation : tibial nerve S1, S2
Action : weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexing ankle; function probably mainly proprioceptive

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12
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A

Origin : inferior two thirds of posterior surface of fibula and inferior part of interosseous membrane
Insertion : base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)
Innervation : tibial nerve S2, S3
Action: flexes great toe at all joints; weakly plantarflexes ankle; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

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13
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A

Origin : medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and by a broad tendon of fibula
Insertion : bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits
Innervation : tibial nerve S2, S3
Action : flexes lateral four digits; plantarflexes ankle; supports longitudinal arches of foot

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14
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Origin: interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line, posterior surface of fibula
Insertion : primarily to tuberosity of navicular; also to cuneiform cuboid, bases of 2-4 metatarsals
Innervation : tibial nerve L4, L5
Action : plantarflexes ankles ; inverts foot, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

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15
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

Origin : medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, and plantar aponeurosis
Insertion : medial sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
Innervation : medial plantar nerve S2, S3
Action : abducts and flexes great toe

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16
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

A

Origin : medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa
Insertion : both sides of middle phalanges of lateral four digits
Innervation : medial plantar nerve S2, S3
Action : flexes lateral four digits

17
Q

Abductir digiti minimi

A

Origin : medial and lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis, and intermuscular septa
Insertion : lateral side of bacon proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Innervation : lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
Action : abducts and flexes 5th digit

18
Q

Quadratus plantae

A

Origin : medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneus
Insertion : posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
Innervation : lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
Action : assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral four digits

19
Q

Lumbricals

A

Origin : tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Insertion : medial aspect of expansion over lateral four digits
Innervation : medial one - medial plantar nerve S2,S3
Lateral three - lateral plantar nerve S2,S3
Action - flex proximal phalanges; extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits

20
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

A

Origin : plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
Insertion : both sides of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
Innervation : medial plantar nerve S2, S3
Action : flexes proximal phalanx of great toe

21
Q

Adductor hallucis

A

Origin : oblique head : bases of metatarsals 2-4
transverse head : plantar ligaments of 3-5 metatarsophalangeal joint
Insertion : tendons of both heads attach to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
Innervation : deep branch of lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
Action : adducts 1st digit; assists in maintaining transverse arch of foot

22
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Origin : base of 5th metatarsal
Insertion : base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
Innervation : superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
Action : flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit, thereby assisting with its flexion

23
Q

Plantar interossei (three muscles)

A

Origin : bases and medusa sides of metatarsals 3-5
Insertion : medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of 3-5th digits
Innervation - lateral plantar nerve S2, S3
Action - adduct digits 3-5 and flex metatarsophalangeal joint

24
Q

Dorsal interossei (four muscles)

A

Origin : adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5
Insertion : first- medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit
second to fourth - laters, sides of 2-4 digits
Innervation : lateral plantar nerves S2, S3
Action : Abduct digits 2-4 and flex metatarsophalangeal joints

Gross Anatomy (15 decks)

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