Leg and knee Flashcards
List the extensors of the knee
Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, tensor fascia lata
List the tibial lateral rotators
Biceps femoris
List the tibial medial rotators
Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, gracilis, sartorius, popliteus
What is the origin, insertion, action and innervation of gastrocnemius
Origin: medial head- posterior part of medial femoral condyle; lateral head- lateral surface of lateral femoral condyle
Insertion: posterior surface of calcaneus
Action: plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee
Innervation: tibial nerve (S1,S2)
What is the origin, insertion, action and innervation of plantaris
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge, oblique popliteal ligament
Insertion: tendo calcaneus
Action: plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee
Innervation: tibial nerve (S1,S2)
What is the origin, insertion, action and innervation of popliteus?
Origin: outer surface of lateral femoral condyle
Insertion: posterior surface of tibia above soleal line
Action: pronates forearm
Innervation: tibial nerve (L4-S1)
What is the origin, insertion, action and innervation of vastus intermedius?
Origin: upper two-thirds of anterior and lateral surfaces of femur, lower part of lateral intermuscular septum
Insertion: deep surface of quadriceps tendon, lateral border of patella, lateral tibial condyle
Action: extends knee
Innervation: femoral nerves (L2-L4)
What is the origin, insertion, action and innervation of vastus medialis?
Origin: intertrochanteric line, spiral line, medial lip of linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, medial intermuscular septum, tendons of adductor longus and adductor magnus
Insertion: tendon of rectus femoris, medial border of patella, medial tibial condyle
Action: extends knee
Innervation: femoral nerve (L2-L4)
What is the origin, insertion, action and innervation of vastus lateralis?
Origin: intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion: tendon of rectus femoris, lateral border of patella
innervation: femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Explain the structure and function of the knee joint
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Explain the structure and function of the oblique popliteal ligament
The central region of the posterior part of the capsule is strengthened by the oblique popliteal ligament, an expansion of the semimembranosus tendon. It passes upwards the laterally to attach to the intercondylar line of the femur. It has large foramina for the vessels and nerves which perforate it.
Explain the structure and function of the arcuate popliteal ligament
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Explain the structure and function of the ligamentum patellae
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Explain the structure and function of the tibial collateral ligament
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Explain the structure and function of the fibular collateral ligament
In contrast the fibular (lateral) collateral ligament is a rounded cord some 5cm long which stands clear of the thin lateral part of the fibrous capsule. It is attached to the lateral epicondyle of the femur above and behind the groove for popliteus and passes down to attach to the lateral surface of the head of the fibula in the front of the apex, splitting the tendon of biceps femoris as it does so. Occasionally the fibular collateral ligament continues into the upper part of peroneus longus, and can be thought of as a femoral origin of the muscle. Passing deep to the ligament is the tendon of popliteus, together with the inferior lateral genicular vessels and nerve as they run forwards
