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Muscles > Leg and Ankle > Flashcards

Leg and Ankle Flashcards

1
Q

tibialis anterior origin

A

lateral condyle
lateral surface of upper 1/2 of tibia
interosseous membrane
crural fascia

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2
Q

tibialis anterior insertion

A

medial and plantar surfaces of 1st metatarsal bone

medial cuneiform

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3
Q

tibialis anterior action

A

dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint

inverts and adducts at subtalar and midtarsal joint

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4
Q

tibialis anterior innervation

A

deep fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4, L5)

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5
Q

extensor hallucis longus origin

A

medial surface of fibula
anterior part of interosseous membrane
crural fascia

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6
Q

extensor hallucis longus insertion

A

dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe

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7
Q

extensor hallucis longus action

A

extends great toe

dorsiflexes and inverts foot

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8
Q

extensor hallucis longus innervation

A

deep fibular (peroneal) (L5, S1)

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9
Q

extensor hallucis longus irrigation

A

anterial tibial artery

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10
Q

extensor digitorum longus origin

A

lateral condyle of tibia
upper 3/4 anterior surface of fibula
interosseous membrane

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11
Q

extensor digitorum longus insertion

A

distal phalanges of four lateral toes

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12
Q

extensor digitorum longus action

A

extends last four digits

dorsiflexes and everts foot

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13
Q

extensor digitorum longus innervation

A

deep fibular (peroneal) nerve (L5, S1)

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14
Q

extensor digitorum longus irrigation

A

anterior tibial artery

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15
Q

fibularis longus origin

A

head of fibula
upper 2/3 of fibula
intermuscular septum

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16
Q

fibularis longus insertion

A

lateral aspect of base of 1st metatarsal

medial cuneiform

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17
Q

fibularis longus action

A

everts foot

weak plantar flexor

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18
Q

fibularis longus innervation

A

superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4-S2)

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19
Q

fibularis longus irrigation

A

anterial tibial and peroneal arteries

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20
Q

fibularis brevis origin

A

distal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

intermuscular septum

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21
Q

fibularis brevis insertion

A

lateral surface and base of 5th metatarsal

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22
Q

fibularis brevis action

A

everts foot

weak plantar flexor

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23
Q

fibularis brevis innervation

A

superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve (L4-S1)

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24
Q

fibularis brevis irrigation

A

muscular branches of peroneal artery

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25
Q

extensor hallucis brevis origin

A

dorsal aspect of calcaneus bone

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26
Q

extensor hallucis brevis insertion

A

lateral side of proximal phalanx of great toe

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27
Q

extensor hallucis brevis action

A

extend proximal phalanx of great toe

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28
Q

extensor hallucis brevis innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

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29
Q

extensor hallucis brevis irrigation

A

dorsalis pedis artery

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30
Q

extensor digitorum brevis origin

A

dorsal and lateral aspect of calcaneus bone

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31
Q

extensor digitorum brevis insertion

A

lateral side of tendons of extensor digitorum longus

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32
Q

extensor digitorum brevis action

A

helps extend proximal phalanges of 2nd-4th toes

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33
Q

extensor digitorum brevis innervation

A

deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)

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34
Q

extensor digitorum brevis irrigation

A

dorsalis pedis artery

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35
Q

gastrocnemius origin

A

medial head: medial epicondyle of femur

lateral head: lateral epicondyle of femur

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36
Q

gastrocnemius insertion

A

posterior surface of calcaneus

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37
Q

gastrocnemius action

A

plantar flexes foot
flex leg at knee
supinate foot

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38
Q

gastrocnemius innervation

A

tibial nerve (S1-S2)

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39
Q

gastrocnemius irrigation

A

each head supplied by a sural branch of popliteal artery

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40
Q

soleus origin

A

posterior surface of head
upper 1/3 of fibula
soleal line
medial border of tibia

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41
Q

soleus insertion

A

joins tendon of gastroc to insert on calcaneus

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42
Q

soleus action

A

plantar flex foot

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43
Q

soleus innervation

A

tibial nerve (S1, S2)

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44
Q

soleus irrigation

A

posterior tibial, peroneal, and sural arteries

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45
Q

plantaris origin

A

posterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of femur

oblique popliteal ligament

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46
Q

plantaris insertion

A

into calcaneal tendon with gastroc and soleus muscles

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47
Q

plantaris action

A

plantar flexion

weak knee flexor

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48
Q

plantaris innervation

A

tibial nerve (S1, S2)

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49
Q

plantaris irrigation

A

posterior tibial, peroneal, and sural arteries

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50
Q

popliteus origin

A

lateral epicondyle of femur

lateral meniscus of knee joint

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51
Q

popliteus insertion

A

posterior surface of body of tibia proximal to soleal line

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52
Q

popliteus action

A

flex and internally rotate tibia when femur is fixed; externally rotate femur to unlock knee joint when tibia is fixed

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53
Q

popliteus innervation

A

tibial nerve (L4-S1)

54
Q

popliteus irrigation

A

medial inferior genicular branch of popliteal artery

muscular branch of posterior tibial artery

55
Q

tibialis posterior origin

A

posterior surface of interosseuos membrane
posterior surface of tibia
medial surface of fibula

56
Q

tibialis posterior insertion

A

navicular tuberosity, slips to calcaneus, three cuneiforms, cuboid, and 2-4 metatarsals

57
Q

tibialis posterior action

A

plantar flexion, invert and adducts foot

58
Q

tibialis posterior innervation

A

tibial nerve (L5, S1)

59
Q

tibialis posterior irrigation

A

muscular branches of sural, peroneal, and posterior tibial arteries

60
Q

flexor digitorum longus origin

A

posterior surface of tibia and fascia over tibialis posterior

61
Q

flexor digitorum longus insertion

A

bases of distal phalanx of the four lateral toes

62
Q

flexor digitorum longus action

A

flexes distal phalanx of lateral four toes

plantar flexes and supinates foot

63
Q

flexor digitorum longus innervation

A

tibial nerve (S1, S2)

64
Q

flexor digitorum longus irrigation

A

muscular branch of posterior tibial artery

65
Q

flexor hallucis longus origin

A

lower 2/3 of posterior fibula

lower part of interosseous membrane

66
Q

flexor hallucis longus insertion

A

base of distal phalanx of great toe

67
Q

flexor hallucis longus action

A

flexes distal phalanx of large toe

plantar flexes and supinates foot

68
Q

flexor hallucis longus innervation

A

tibial nerve (S1, S2)

69
Q

flexor hallucis longus irrigation

A

muscular branch of peroneal and posterior tibial artery

70
Q

abductor hallucis origin

A

flexor retinaculum
medial process of calcaneal tuberosity
plantar aponeurosis

71
Q

abductor hallucis insertion

A

medial side of base of proximal phalanx of large toe

72
Q

abductor hallucis action

A

abducts and flexes large toe

helps maintain medial longitudinal arch

73
Q

abductor hallucis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)

74
Q

abductor hallucis irrigation

A

medial plantar artery

75
Q

flexor digitorum brevis origin

A

medial process of calcaneal tuberosity

planter aponeurosis

76
Q

flexor digitorum brevis insertion

A

by four tendons onto the middle phalanx of lateral four toes

77
Q

flexor digitorum brevis action

A

flexes lateral four toes

78
Q

flexor digitorum brevis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)

79
Q

flexor digitorum brevis irrigation

A

medial plantar artery

80
Q

abductor digiti minimi origin

A

medial and lateral processes of calcaneal tuberosity

plantar aponeurosis

81
Q

abductor digiti minimi insertion

A

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of small toe

82
Q

abductor digiti minimi action

A

abducts and flexes little toe

83
Q

abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

84
Q

abductor digiti minimi irrigation

A

lateral plantar artery

85
Q

quadratus plantae origin

A

two heads of plantar surface of calcaneus

long plantar ligament

86
Q

quadratus plantae insertion

A

lateral and deep surfaces of tendons of flexor digitorum longus muscle

87
Q

quadratus plantae action

A

assists flexor digitorum longus

straightens pull of FDL along longitudinal axis of foot

88
Q

quadratus plantae innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

89
Q

quadratus plantae irrigation

A

lateral plantar artery

90
Q

first lumbrical origin

A

medial side of first tendon (to second toe) of the flexor digitorum longus

91
Q

first lumbrical insertion

A

passes long medial side of second toe and inserts on dorsal digital expansion

92
Q

first lumbrical action

A

flex proximal phalanx at MTP joint

extend interphalangeal joint

93
Q

first lumbrical innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)

94
Q

first lumbrical irrigation

A

medial plantar artery

95
Q

2nd-4th lumbrical origin

A

two heads from the adjacent surfaes of 2-4th tendons of the flexor digitorum longus muscle

96
Q

2nd-4th lumbrical insertion

A

course along sides of 3-5 toes and insert on respective dorsal digital expansion

97
Q

2nd-4th lumbrical action

A

flex proximal phalange at MTP joint

extend interphalangeal joint

98
Q

2nd-4th lumbrical innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

99
Q

2nd-4th lumbrical irrigation

A

lateral plantar artery

100
Q

flexor hallucis brevis origin

A

plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform bones

tendon of tibialis posterior

101
Q

flexor hallucis brevis insertion

A

two tendons on the sides of the base of proximal phalanx of large toe

102
Q

flexor hallucis brevis action

A

flexes proximal phalanx of large toe at MTP

103
Q

flexor hallucis brevis innervation

A

medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)

104
Q

flexor hallucis brevis irrigation

A

medial plantar artery

105
Q

flexor digiti minimi origin

A

base of 5th metatarsal bone

sheath of tendon of fibularis longus

106
Q

flexor digiti minimi insertion

A

lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of small toe

107
Q

flexor digiti minimi action

A

flexes proximal phalanx of small toe at MTP

108
Q

flexor digiti minimi innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

109
Q

flexor digiti minimi irrigation

A

lateral plantar artery

110
Q

adductor hallucis origin

A

transverse head: plantar MTP ligaments of toes 3-5; deep transverse metatarsal ligaments
oblique head: base of 2-4 metatarsal; sheath of tendon of fibularis longus muscle

111
Q

adductor hallucis insertion

A

common tendon to lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of large toe

112
Q

adductor hallucis action

A

adducts large toe

flex large toe at MTP

113
Q

adductor hallucis innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

114
Q

adductor hallucis irrigation

A

lateral plantar artery

115
Q

plantar interossei origin

A

bases and medial sides of 3-5 metatarsal bones

116
Q

plantar interossei insertion

A

bases of proximal phalanx of 3-5th toes (medial side)

onto dorsal digital expansions

117
Q

plantar interossei action

A

adduct 3-5th toes, flex MTP, extend IP joints

118
Q

plantar interossei innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

119
Q

plantar interossei irrigation

A

lateral plantar arch

120
Q

dorsal interossei origin

A

each by two heads from adjacent sides of metatarsal bones

121
Q

dorsal interossei insertion

A

proximal phalanx and dorsal digital expansion of 2-4th toes

122
Q

dorsal interossei action

A

abducts 2-4th toes, flex MTP, extend IP joints

123
Q

dorsal interossei innervation

A

lateral plantar nerve (S2, S3)

124
Q

dorsal interossei irrigation

A

lateral plantar arch

125
Q

Plantar Flexion

A

gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus (assists), peroneus brevis (assists), flexor digitorum longus (weak), flexor hallucis longus (weak), plantaris (weak)

126
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus

127
Q

Inversion

A

tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis longus

128
Q

Eversion

A

peroneus longus, peroneus brevis, extensor digitorum longus

129
Q

Flexion of 2nd-5th Toes

A

flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum brevis, lumbricals, quadratus plantae (assists), dorsal interossei (2nd-4th), plantar interossei (3rd-5th), abductor digiti minimi (5th), flexor digiti minimi brevis (5th)

130
Q

Extension of 2nd-5th Toes

A

extensor digitorum longus, extensor digitorum brevis (2nd-4th), lumbricals

131
Q

Flexion of 1st Toe

A

flexor hallucis longus, flexor hallucis brevis, abductor hallucis (assists), adductor hallucis (assists)

132
Q

Extension of 1st Toe

A

extensor hallucis longus, extensor hallucis brevis

Muscles (9 decks)

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