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Muscles > Head, Neck, and Face > Flashcards

Head, Neck, and Face Flashcards

1
Q

O: Sternocleidomastoid

A

Sternal Head - upper part of the ventral surface of the manubrium of the sternum; Clavicular Head - upper border and anterior surface of the medial 1/3 of the clavicle

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2
Q

I: Sternocleidomastoid

A

lateral surface of the mastoid process and the lateral half of the superior nuchal line of the occiput

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3
Q

A: Sternocleidomastoid

A

Unilaterally - bends the head laterally toward the same side, rotates the head, turning the face upward, directing it to opposite side; Bilaterally - flexes the head and neck

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4
Q

N: Sternocleidomastoid

A

Motor fibers - accessory nerve XI; Sensory fibers - anterior rami of C2 and C3 nerves

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5
Q

B: Sternocleidomastoid

A

occipital artery, superior thyroid artery

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6
Q

O: Anterior Scalene

A

transverse processes of the C3-C6

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7
Q

I: Anterior Scalene

A

scalene tubercle of the first rib

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8
Q

A: Anterior Scalene

A

when neck is fixed - elevates the first rib; when first rib is fixed - bends neck forward and laterally and rotates to the opposite side

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9
Q

N: Anterior Scalene

A

anterior rami of C4-C6

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10
Q

B: Anterior Scalene

A

inferior thyroid artery (branch of thyrocervical trunk)

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11
Q

O: Middle Scalene

A

transverse processes of C2-C7 (often also from the atlas)

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12
Q

I: Middle Scalene

A

superior surface of first rib between the tubercle and the groove for subclavian artery

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13
Q

A: Middle Scalene

A

when neck is fixed - elevates the first rib; when first rib is fixed - bends neck forward and laterally and rotates to the opposite side

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14
Q

N: Middle Scalene

A

anterior rami of C3-C8

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15
Q

B: Middle Scalene

A

ascending cervical artery

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16
Q

O: Posterior Scalene

A

transverse processes of C4-C6

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17
Q

I: Posterior Scalene

A

outer surface of the second rib

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18
Q

A: Posterior Scalene

A

raises the second rib; or same as anterior scalene if ribs fixed

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19
Q

N: Posterior Scalene

A

anterior rami of C6-C8

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20
Q

B: Posterior Scalene

A

ascending cervical artery

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21
Q

O: Longus Colli

A

transverse processes of C3-C5, bodies of C5-T3

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22
Q

I: Longus Colli

A

tubercle on anterior arch of atlas, bodies of C2-C4, transverse processes of C5-C6

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23
Q

A: Longus Colli

A

weak flexor of the neck; slightly rotates and bends the neck laterally

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24
Q

N: Longus Colli

A

ventral rami of C2-C6

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25
Q

B: Longus Colli

A

muscular branches of the aorta

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26
Q

O: Longus Capitis

A

transverse processes of C3-C6

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27
Q

I: Longus Capitis

A

inferior surface of the basilar part of the occiput

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28
Q

A: Longus Capitis

A

flexes the head and upper cervical spine

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29
Q

N: Longus Capitis

A

branches from the anterior rami of C1-C3

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30
Q

B: Longus Capitis

A

muscular branches of the aorta

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31
Q

O: Masseter

A

zygomatic arch of the maxilla

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32
Q

I: Masseter

A

angle and ramus of the mandible

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33
Q

A: Masseter

A

closes the jaw by elevating the mandible

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34
Q

N: Masseter

A

masseteric branch of mandibular nerve

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35
Q

B: Masseter

A

masseteric artery

36
Q

O: Temporalis

A

temporal fossa and fascia

37
Q

I: Temporalis

A

coronoid process and anterior edge of ramus of mandible

38
Q

A: Temporalis

A

elevates mandible and closes the jaw; posterior fibers retract mandible

39
Q

N: Temporalis

A

deep temporal branches of the mandibular nerve

40
Q

B: Temporalis

A

deep temporal arteries

41
Q

Suprahyoids

A

geniohyoid, mylohyoid, stylohyoid

42
Q

O: Suprahyoids

A

geniohyoid and mylohyoid - underside of mandible; stylohyoid - styloid process

43
Q

I: Suprahyoids

A

hyoid bone

44
Q

A: Suprahyoids

A

elevates hyoid and tongue, depress mandible

45
Q

N: Suprahyoids

A

geniohyoid - C1-C2; mylohyoid - trigeminal nerve (V); stylohyoid - facial nerve (VII)

46
Q

B: Suprahyoids

A

facial, lingual, and occipital artery

47
Q

I: Digastric

A

inferior border of the mandible

48
Q

A: Digastric

A

opens the mouth by depressing the mandible; elevates the hyoid bone, retract the mandible

49
Q

N: Digastric

A

Anterior Belly - mylohyoid branch of trigeminal nerve V; Posterior Belly - digastric branch of the facial nerve VII

50
Q

B: Digastric

A

branches of the external carotid

51
Q

Infrahyoids

A

sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

52
Q

O: Infrahyoids

A

Sternohyoid and Sternothyroid - top of manubrium; Thyrohyoid - thyroid cartilage; Omohyoid - superior border of the scapula

53
Q

I: Infrahyoids

A

Sternohyoid, Thyrohyoid, and Omohyoid - hyoid bone; Sternothyroid - thyroid cartilage

54
Q

A: Infrahyoids

A

depress the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage

55
Q

N: Infrahyoids

A

Sternohyoid, Sternothyroid, and Omohyoid - ansa cervalis C1-C3; Thyrohyoid - fibers from C1 that course for a short distance with the hypoglossal nerve XII

56
Q

B: Infrahyoids

A

inferior and superior thyroid artery

57
Q

O: Platysma

A

fascia covering superior part of the pectoralis major

58
Q

I: Platysma

A

base of the mandible; skin of lower part of face

59
Q

A: Platysma

A

assist to depress the mandible (TMJ joint), tighten the fascia of the neck, draw down the corner of the mouth

60
Q

N: Platysma

A

facial nerve VII

61
Q

B: Platysma

A

superficial vessels of the neck

62
Q

O: Occipitofrontalis

A

galea aponeurotica

63
Q

I: Occipitofrontalis

A

frontalis - skin superior to eyebrows; occipitalis - superior nuchal line of occiput

64
Q

A: Occipitofrontalis

A

draw scalp back, raises eyebrow and wrinkles forehead in expresion of surprise

65
Q

N: Occipitofrontalis

A

posterior auricular branch of the facial nerve VII

66
Q

B: Occipitofrontalis

A

occipital artery

67
Q

Cervical Spine Flexion

A

SCM, anterior scalene, longus capitis, longus colli (all these muscles contribute to flexion bilaterally)

68
Q

Cervical Spine Extension

A

trapezius (upper fibers, bilaterally), levator scapulae (bilaterally), splenius capitis and cervicis (bilaterally), rectus capitis posterior major and minor, oblique capitis superior, semispinalis capitis, longissimus (assists), iliocostalis (assists), multifidi (bilaterally), rotatores (bilaterally), intertransversarii (bilaterally), interspinalis

69
Q

Cervical Spine Rotation (unilaterally to the same side)

A

levator scapula, splenius capitis, splenius cervicis, rectus capitis posterior major, oblique capitis inferior, longus colli, longus capitis, longissimus (assists), iliocostalis (assists)

70
Q

Cervical Spine Rotation (unilaterally to the opposite side)

A

trapezius (upper fibers), sternocleidomastoid, anterior scalene, middle scalene, posterior scalene, multifidi, rotatores

71
Q

Cervical Spine Lateral Flexion (unilaterally to the same side)

A

trapezius (upper fibers), levator scapula, sternocleidomastoid, anterior/middle/posterior scalenes (with ribs fixed), splenius capitis and cervicis, longus capitis, longus colli, longissimus (assists), iliocostalis (assists), oblique capitis superior, intertransversarii

72
Q

Mandible Elevation

A

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid

73
Q

Mandible Depression

A

geniohyoid, mylohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric (with hyoid bone fixed), platysma (assists)

74
Q

Mandible Protraction

A

lateral pterygoid (bilaterally), medial pterygoid (bilaterally), masseter (assists)

75
Q

Mandible Retraction

A

temporalis, digastric

76
Q

Mandible Lateral Deviation (unilaterally)

A

lateral pterygoid (to the opposite side), medial pterygoid (to the opposite side)

77
Q

O: Medial Pterygoid

A

medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone, tuberosity of maxilla

78
Q

I: Medial Pterygoid

A

medial surface of ramus of mandible

79
Q

A: Medial Pterygoid

A

elevates mandible closing jaw; acting together protrudes mandible; acting alone protrudes one side; acting alternately grinding action

80
Q

N: Medial Pterygoid

A

medial pterygoid branch of mandibular nerve (trigeminal V)

81
Q

B: Medial Pterygoid

A

medial pterygoid artery

82
Q

O: Lateral Pterygoid

A

Superior head - infratemporal crest and lateral surface of greater wing of sphenoid bone; Inferior head - lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

83
Q

I: Lateral Pterygoid

A

neck of condyle of mandible; articular disk and capsule of temporomandibular joint

84
Q

A: Lateral Pterygoid

A

opens mouth by drawing condyle and disk forward; acting together protrudes mandible; acting alternately grinding action

85
Q

N: Lateral Pterygoid

A

lateral pterygoid branch of mandibular nerve (trigeminal V)

86
Q

B: Lateral Pterygoid

A

lateral pterygoid artery

Muscles (9 decks)

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