Deep Back and Trunk Muscles Flashcards
O: Multifidus
From the back of the sacrum; mamillary processes of lumbar; transverse processes of thoracic; articular processes of lower four cervical
I: Multifidus
onto spinous processes of higher vertebrae; each multifidus spans 2-4 vertebrae
N: Multifidus
supplied segmentally by dorsal primary rami of lumbar, thoracic spinal nerves
A: Multifidus
bends or laterally flexes the vertebral column and rotates it to the opposite side, both sides act together to extend
B: Multifidus
muscular branches of the aorta
O: Rotatores
mammillary processes of lumbar; articular processes of cervical; transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae deep to multifidus
I: Rotatores
base of the spines of the lumbar immediately above; base of the spines of the cervical immdeiately above; base of the spine of the thoracic vertebra above the origin
N: Rotatores
dorsal promary rami of lumbar, thoracic, and cervical spinal nerves
A: Rotatores
extension and bending to opposite side
B: Rotatores
muscular branches of aorta
O: External Oblique
fleshy slips from outer surface of ribs 5-12
I: External Oblique
outer lip of iliac crest; aponeurosis of external oblique (linea alba)
N: External Oblique
lower seven thoracic nerves T6-T12
A: External Oblique
compresses abdominal viscera; each muscle bends the trunk to same side and rotates front of abdomen to opposite side; both muscles flex trunk forward
B: External Oblique
lower intercostal and iliac or iliolumbar artery
O: Internal Oblique
lateral 2/3 of inguinal ligament; middle lip of iliac crest; thoracolumbar fascia
I: Internal Oblique
inferior border of lower 3 or 4 ribs; linea alba; fuses with external oblique
N: Internal Oblique
lower five thoracic nerves and first lumbar nerve T8-L1
A: Internal Oblique
compresses abdominal viscera; both muscles flex trunk; each muscle bends and rotates the front of abdomen toward same side
B: Internal Oblique
subcostal arteries
O: Rectus Abdominus
fifth, sixth, and seventh costal cartilages; costoxiphoid ligaments and xiphoid process
I: Rectus Abdominus
crest of pubis and pubic tubercle; front of pubic symphysis
N: Rectus Abdominus
lower seven thoracic nerves T6-T12
A: Rectus Abdominus
flexes vertebral column; tenses anterior abdominal wall; compresses abdominal contents
B: Rectus Abdominus
epigastric artery and small contribution from lower intercostal
O: Quadratus Lumborum
iliolumbar ligament and the adjacent iliac crest
I: Quadratus Lumborum
medial half of the 12th rib and onto transverse processes of upper four lumbar vertebrae
N: Quadratus Lumborum
branches from T12-L4
A: Quadratus Lumborum
flexes vertebral column to same side; fixes 12th rib in breathing; both muscles together extend lumbar
B: Quadratus Lumborum
lumbar and iliolumbar artery
O: Diaphragm
dorsum of xiphoid process; inner surfaces of cartilages and adjacent parts of lower 6 ribs; medial and lateral acruate ligaments; cura from bodies of upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae
I: Diaphragm
central tendonof diaphragm
N: Diaphragm
phrenic nerve C3-C5
A: Diaphragm
active during inspiration; assists in increasing intraabdominal pressure
B: Diaphragm
phrenic artery
O: Intercostals
inferior border of rib above
I: Intercostals
superior border of the rib below
N: Intercostals
intercostal nerve (from ventral rami of thoracic nerve)
A: Intercostals
externals: draw ribs superiorly and assist with inhalation; internals: draw ribs inferiorly and assist with exhalation
B: Intercostals
intercostal arteries
O and I: Intertransversarii
spanning transverse processes of C2-L5
N: Intertransversarii
spinal nerve
A: Intertransversarii
laterally flex the vertebral column to same side; extension
O and I: Interspinalis
spanning spinous processes of C2-L5
N: Interspinalis
spinal nerve
A: Interspinalis
extend the vertebral column
What muscles form the abdominals?
rectus abdominus, external and internal obliques, transverse abdominus
What muscles form the transversospinalis group?
multifidi, rotatores, semispinalis capitis
Vertebral Column Flexion
rectus abdominus, external and internal obliques (psoas major and iliacus with insertion fixed)
Vertebral Column Extension
longissimus, iliocostalis, multifidi, rotatores, semispinalis capitis, spinalis, quadratus lumborum (assists), interspinalis, intertransversarii, latissimus dorsi (assists when arm fixed)
Vertebral Column Rotation
opposite: external oblique, multifidi, rotatores; same: internal oblique
Vertebral Column Lateral Flexion
iliocostalis, external and internal oblique, longissimus, quadratus lumborum, psoas major (assists), intertransversarii, spinalis, latissimus dorsi (assists)
Elevation/Expansion of Ribs (Inhalation)
anterior/middle/posterior scalene, SCM (assists), external intercostals (assists), serratus posterior superior, pec major, pec minor and SA (if scapula fixed), subclavius
Depression/Collapse of Ribs (Exhalation)
internal intercostals (assists), serratus posterior inferior
O: Transverse Abdominus
lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament and inner lip of ilian crest; thoracolumbar fascia; inner surface of ribs 7-12
I: Transverse Abdominus
ends in an aponeurosis; upper fibers - linea alba, help form posterior layer of rectus sheath; lower fibers - attach to pubis to form conjoined tendon
A: Transverse Abdominus
tenses abdominal wall; compresses abdominal contents
N: Transverse Abdominus
lower six thoracic and first lumbar nerves (T7-L1)
B: Transverse Abdominus
subcostal arteries