Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

My sem 3 > leg anatomy > Flashcards

leg anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

medial collateral ligament

A

joint to the meniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

oblique popliteal ligament

A

An expansion of the semimembranosus tendon that strengthens the posterior aspect of the capsule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

arcuate popliteal ligament

A

A thickening of the posterior capsule fibres which arches over the tendon of the popliteus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

lateral meniscus

A

A pad of fibrocartilage cartilage that forms four-fifths of a circle, it is attached anteriorly and posteriorly to the tibia and attached loosely to the capsule. It is separated from the lateral collateral ligament by the popliteal tendon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bursa of knee

A

suprapatellar, prepatellar, subcutaneous and deep infrapatellar, gastrocnemius lateral and medial. semimembranous. popliteus, anserine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hiltons law

A

Hilton’s law is a law that is useful to remember. It states that the nerves that innervate the muscles that act on a joint, and those that innervate the skin over the joint, also innervate the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

superficial gluteal muscles

A

Gluteus maximus, medius and minnimus. Tensor facia lata.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

iliofemoral ligament

A

prevents hyper extention. It originates from the ilium, immediately inferior to the anterior inferior iliac spine.The ligament attaches to the intertrochanteric line in two places, giving the ligament a Y shaped appearance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ishiofemoral ligament

A

It originates from the ischium of the pelvis and attaches to the greater trochanter of the femur. prevents excessive extention,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pubofemoral ligament

A

It attaches at the pelvis to the iliopubic eminance and obturator membrane, and then blends with the articular capsule. It prevents excessive abduction and extension.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

tensor fascia lata

A

acts as a flexor, abductor and internal rotator of the hip originates from the iliac crest, and descends down the superolateral thigh. At the junction of the middle and upper thirds of the thigh, it inserts into the anterior aspect of the iliotibial tract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

gluteus maximus

A

originates from posterior surface of ilium,sacrum and coccyx. inserts iliotibial tract and greater trochanter. Extensor, lateral rotation. innervated by inferior gluteal nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

gluteus medius and minimus

A

originates ilium, and inserts into ant/lat surface greater trochanter. Abduct and medially rotate. secures pelvis preventing drop. Superior gluteal nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

deep muscles of the gluteal region

A

piriformis, superior and inf gamelli, obturator internus and quadratus femoris.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Piriformis

A

originates from the ant surface of the sacrum, through greater sciatic foramen and inserts into greater trochanter. Lateral rotation and abduction. Nerve to Piriformis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Obturator internus

A

forms the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity, originates from pubis and ischium at obturator foramen, travels through lesser sciatic foramen and attaches to the greater trochanter. lateral rotation and abduction. nerve to obturator internus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

superior and inferior gamelli

A

superior originates ishial spine, inf from tuberosity. attach greater trochanter. lateral and abduction. Superior innervated nerve ob internus, inf nerve to quadratus femoris.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

quadratus fermoris

A

originates lateral side of ischial tuberosity, attaches quadrate tuberosity. lateral rotation. nerve to quadratus femoris.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

sartorius, iliopsoas, vastus medialis and lateralis and intermedius, pectineus, rectus femoris. Innervated by the femoral nerve L2-4, generally extend leg at knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

iliopsoas

A

psoas major originates from lumbar vertebrae. iliacus originates from iliac fossa. insert into the lesser trochanter. flexes at the hip joint lateral rotation. Psoas major L1-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

four muscles, vastus’ and rectus femoris. attaches to the patella which attaches to the tibia via patella lig. main extensor of the knee.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Vastus muscles

A

medialis, intermedius and lateralis. innervated femoral nerve. lateral origin greater trochanter, medial origin intertrochanteric line, intermedius shaft of femur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

rectus femoris

A

originates from the ilium, attaches patella at quadriceps femoris tendon. flexes leg at hip extends at knee. femoral nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

sartorius

A

longest muscle in the body. originates anterior superior iliac spine, attaches superior medial surface of the tibia. at hip flexor abductor and lateral rotator, flexor at knee joint. femoral nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

pectineus

A

forms the base of the femoral triangle. transition from ant to medial compartment of thigh. originates pectineal line on anterior surface of pelvis, attaches to pectineal line femur. adduction and flexor at hip. femoral nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh

A

gracilis, adductor magnus, longus and brevis, obturator externus, obturator nerve and artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

adductor magnus

A

adductor part originates inferior rami of pubis and ishium. attaching to linea aspera. Hamstring portion originates ishial tuberosity attaches adductor tubercle. adduct and flex. hamstring portion extends. obturator and tibial nerve

28
Q

adductor longus

A

medial border of femoral triangle. originates pubis attaching linear aspera. adduction and medial rotation. obturator nerve

29
Q

adductor brevis

A

landmark for obturator nerve ant n post divisions. originates body pubis attaches linea aspera. adduction.

30
Q

obturator externus

A

originates from membrane of obturator foramen, attach post aspect of greater trochanter. laterally rotates.

31
Q

gracilis

A

can be used to replace damaged muscle in forearm. originates inferior rami of pubis. attach medial surface tibia, adduct flex at knee.

32
Q

muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh

A

semimembranosis, semitendanosis, biceps femoris. hamstrings. extend at hip flex at knee. sciatic nerve.

33
Q

biceps femoris

A

most lateral muscle. long head originates ishial tuberosity short head linea aspera, insert into head fibula. long head tibial part, short common fibular.

34
Q

semitendinosus

A

covers majority of semimembranosus. originates ischial tuberosity medial surface tibia. tibial part sciatic

35
Q

semimembranosus

A

originates ischial tuberosity medial tibial condyle. tibial part sciatic

36
Q

muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg

A

superficial- plantaris, soleus, gastrocnemius. deep-popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallicus longus. plantarflex and invert foot. Tibial nerve.

37
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

most superficial. two heads. mainly fast twitch fibres. originate lateral and medial condyle of femur. insert calcaneal tendon. plantarflex, flex of knee.

38
Q

calcaneal tendon

A

reflex s1-2. two bursae to reduce friction. subcutaneus and deep.

39
Q

plantaris

A

absent in 10% people. originates lateral supracondylar line of femur. blends calcaneal tendon. plantarflexes, flex knee.

40
Q

soleus

A

originates soleal line of tibia, calcaneal tendon, plantarflexes.

41
Q

popliteus

A

forms base of popliteal fossa. bursa. originates tibia, attach lateral condyle femur. unlock knee. laterall rotate femur.

42
Q

tibialis posterior

A

originates interossus mem, and surfaces of tibia fibula. attaches plantar surfaces of medial tarsal bones, navicular, cuneforms, cuboid, calcaneus and base 2-4 metatarsal. inverts and plantarflex, medial arch.

43
Q

flexor digitorum llongus

A

originates tibia attaches lateral 4 digits. flex toes.

44
Q

flexor hallucis longus

A

originates fibula, attaches phalanx big toe.

45
Q

Tom Dick & A Very Nervous Harry

A

order muscles behind medial malleolus. tibialis post, flexor digit, artery vein nerve, flexor hallucis.

46
Q

anterior compartment of leg

A

extensor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior, extensor halllucis longus and peroneus tertius. dorsiflex and invert. extend toes. deep fibular/ peroneal nerve.

47
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

strongest dorsiflexor. to test power can be asked to stand on heels. originates lateral surface of tibia, attaches medial cuneform and base metatarsal 1,

48
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

originate lateral condyle tibia, insert 4 toes.

49
Q

extensor hallucis longus

A

lies deepest, originates medial surface fibular. attach base distal phalanx great toe.

50
Q

fibularis tertius

A

not present in all individuals arises from EDL and fibular. attaches metatarsal 5. eversion and dorsiflecion.

51
Q

lateral compartment of the leg

A

fibularis/peroneal longus and brevis. eversion. prevent excessive inversion.superficial peroneal nerve L4 - S1

52
Q

fibularis longus

A

fibilar and lateral tibial condyle, attach medial cuneiform and metatarsal I.

53
Q

fibularis brevis

A

originates fibular shaft, attach tubercle metatarsal 5.

54
Q

plantar fascia

A

holds the parts of the foot together, protects the sole from injury and helps support the longitudinal ligaments. It is thickened in its central part to form the plantar aponeurosis. The plantar aponeurosis arises from the calcaneus posteriorly and is continuous anteriorly with the fibrous digital sheaths that cover the flexor tendons

55
Q

muscles of the dorsum of the foot

A

many tendons-EDL EHL TA. Only 2 muscles EHB EDB. deep fibular nerve

56
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis

A

lies deep to the tendon of EDL. Originates calcaneus, talocalcaneal lig and extensor retinaculum. Attaches extensor tendons 4 digits. extend at metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal.

57
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A

originates calcaneus extensor retinaculum. Attaches base proximal phalanx. extend at metatarspphalangeal.

58
Q

Plantar muscles of the foot

A

10 intrinsic muscles. stabalise arches of foot. control digits. medial plantar nerve lateral plantar nerve, branches tibial. 4 layers.

59
Q

first layer of the foot

A

flexor digitorum brevis (arises tubercle calcaneum, medial plantar), abductor hallucis (tubercle calcaneum, medial plantar) and abuctor digit minimi. (medial and lateral tubercle calcanuem, Lateral plantar)

60
Q

second layer of the foot

A

contains tendons of flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus. Quadratus plantae (calcaneus-FDL, lateral plantar nerve) and lumbricle muscles. (medial to each toe, from tendon of FDL, 1 from medial, rest lateral plantar nerve)

61
Q

third layer of the foot

A

flexor hallucis brevis (cuboid, base proximal phalanx, medial plantar) Adductor hallucis (oblique and transverse head, attach lateral base proximal phalanx, transverse arch of foot, lateral plantar) flexor digiti minimi brevis (base 5th metatarsal to base proximal phalanx, lateral plantar)

62
Q

fourth layer

A

Plantar and dorsal interossei. plantar are unipennate, dorsal bipennate. plantar medial side 3-5. adducts-lateral plantar nerve. dorsal-2-5. abducts. lateral plantar.

63
Q

what makes up the medial arch of the foot

A

calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiform, first to 3 metatarsal

64
Q

what makes up the lateral arch of the foot

A

calcaneus, cuboid, fourth and fifth metatarsal

65
Q

transverse arch of the foot

A

cuboid, cuneiform, base of metatarsal

My sem 3 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions