leg

Question 0

where is the soleal line

Answer 0

on the posterior superior aspect of the tibia

Question 1

which part of the tibia is subcuntaneous

Answer 1

the medial surface of the tibia

Question 2

function of the soleal line

Answer 2

delineates the attachment of soleus and popliteus

Question 3

general action of muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 3

dorsiflex the foot and extend the toes

Question 4

general action of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 4

plantarflex the foot and flex the toes

Question 5

general action of the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 5

evert the foot

Question 6

what are the boundaries of the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 6

bounded by the tibia, the interosseous membrane and the anterior intermuscular septa

Question 7

what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 7

tibialis anterior extensor hallicus longus extensor digitorum longus (fibularis tertius breaks off)

Question 8

function of tibialis anterior

Answer 8

important in dorsiflexion and inversion

Question 9

function extensor hallicus longus

Answer 9

extensor of the big toe

Question 10

function of extensor digitorum longus

Answer 10

extensor for the other 4 toes

Question 11

origin of the anterior muscles of the leg

Answer 11

arise from the anterior aspect of the tibia and fibula and the interosseous membrane in between

Question 12

insertion of tibialis anterior

Answer 12

inserts into the medial side of the foot into the medial cunieform and then the base of the 1st metatarsal

Question 13

what is the order of the muscles in the anterior compartment when going through the extensor retinaculum

Answer 13

“Timothy has a nasty, dirty toe” T = tibialis anterior H = EHL A+N = anterior tibial artery and deep peroneal nerve D = EDL T = fibularis tertius

Question 14

explain the insertion of EDL and EHL

Answer 14

the EDL splits into 3 parts - the middle component inserts into the middle phalanx - the other components insert into the distal phalanx - fibularis tertius splits off and inserts into the base of the 5th metatarsal EHL inserts into the big toe

Question 15

what are the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 15

fibularis longus fibularis brevis

Question 16

what determines the borders of the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 16

between the anterior and posterior intermuscular septa, the fibula and the encircling layer of fascia

Question 17

function of the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 17

eversion

Question 18

origin of fibularis longus

Answer 18

origin = arises from the shaft of the fibula

Question 19

describe the route and insertion of fibularis longus

Answer 19

insertion = runs behind the lateral malleolus and turns and passes along and beneath the sole of the foot from lateral to medial where it inserts into the medial cunieform and the base of the 1st metatarsal

Question 20

insertion of fibularis brevis

Answer 20

inserts into the 5th metatarsal (same insertion of fibularis tertius)

Question 21

which out of the fibularis longus and brevis groove the lateral malleolus

Answer 21

fibularis brevis

Question 22

what is the most superficial muscle of the posterior component of the leg

Answer 22

gastrocneumius

Question 23

what defines the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 23

behind the tibia, behind the IO membrane, behind the fibula and behind the IM septa

Question 24

what are the 3 muscles of the deep posterior component of the leg

Answer 24

tibia posterior FHL FDL (mirror of the anterior compartment)

Question 25

what are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 25

gastrocnemius plantaris popliteus soleus

Question 26

origin and insertion of gastrocnemius

Answer 26

origin = medial and lateral condyle of the femur insertion = common tendinous insertion of the archilles tendon into the calcenous

Question 27

major function of popliteus

Answer 27

important in unlocking the knee

Question 28

what is the importance of soleus

Answer 28

complex venous plexus lies just deep to soleus = soleus important in venous return

Question 29

which muscle of the posterior compartment of the leg is a vistigal muscle

Answer 29

plantaris

Question 30

what is the order of the deep posterior muscles of the leg passing under the flexor retinaculum

Answer 30

“Tom Dick and very naughty Harry” T = tibialis posterior D = FDL AVN = tibial nerve, posterior tibial artery and vein H = FHL

Question 31

insertion of tibialis posterior

Answer 31

(same as tibialis anterior) medial cunieform and base of 1st metatarsal