Left Realism Flashcards
How does Relative deprivation contribute to crime? Lea and Young
-the widening gap between rich and poor,with increased advertising leads people to feel deprived in relation to others
-rising expectations and limited opportunities
-universal relevance
How does marginalisation increase crime? Lea and Young
-marginal groups lack representation have to use violence as political action
-lack of participation in production
-resentment from unemployed youth from minority ethnic groups
What are the links between subculture and crime?
-subcultures act as a collective solution to a groups problems/coping mechanism for deprivations
What are some evaluations for Lea and. Young?
Jones 1998-fail to explain why some people are facing relative deprivation turn to crime and some don’t
Hughes’s 1991-relies too much in subcultural theory assumes crime might result from the existence of values that tolerate crime
How is crime rooted in inequality?young and Mathews
-crime is primarily rooted in social inequalities
-to reduce crimes leisure services should be improved
How do community projects reduce crime? Young and Matthews
Providing spaces like skateparks helps young people have a sense of community
What’s some evidence of this impact of crime? Young and Matthews
Press release from Dorset section commander reports a 19% drop in crime after completion of the Dorchester skatepark 2009
What is an evaluation of Matthew and young’s theory?
Not universally affective-they may not address all forms of criminal behaviour
How is policing affected by a lack of public confidence? Kinsey,Lea l,Young
-90% of crimes are reported by the public
-public confidence has decreased particularly in inner-city areas
What are the causes and effects of military policing? Kinsey,Lea and Young
-information deficiency-leads to police to resort to militant tactics e.g stop and search
-resulting distrust:military police without community support causes further distrust for police
What are Kinsey,Lea and youngs solutions?
Building trust
Avoiding stop and search
More focus on tackling serious crime
What are some evaluations of Kinsey,Lea and Young?
X-lacks guidance on how to handle criminals effectively
X-limited focus on inner-city crimes
+-successfully highlights the impact of street crimes
What are the elements of the square of crime?
-the state and its agencies (formal control)
-the offender and their actions
-the public (informal control)
-the victim
What is the left realist perspective of the crime square?
-they argue crime can only be comprehended by considering the interrelationships between the 4 elements
-crime is socially constructed
-multiple Aetiology-no single area of crime is of primary importance
What is the importance of each square element?
-interactions and influence between state,offender,public and victim
-complexity of the crime shaped by formal and informal rules,offenders Acton’s,victims experiences,and state and public responses
