Feminism Flashcards
What is the Triple System theory? (Sylvia Walby)
Women face oppression from 3 structures of power-patriarchy,racism and capitalism
What are the 6 ways women are exploited?(sylvia Walby)
1.patriarchal mode of production
2.paid work
3.state operates in interests of men
4.male violence against women
5.double standards in sexuality
6.cultural institutions
What are major issues faced by women? (Sylvia Walby)
Victimisation from male offenders and domestic abuse
What can lead women to be victims of crimes (Walby)
-women may earn less than a man,be financially dependent on abusive partner
-women are sexualised by the media
-lack of education for men on consent more effort teaching women to protect themselves
What does Walby think of the CSEW?
As violent crime isn’t separated by gender or relationship/a person can only register 5X it’s underestimated
Evaluation of Walby?
-hollistic study difficult to know what the solution is
-identifies issues with the justice system
-number of convicted rapists is going down yet more cases are being reported
How do women face domestic control?(heidensohn)
-lack of freedom
-time is occupied by housework denied opportunities to be out at night
-domestic roles may be forcibly imposed through violence
How are women controlled in public spaces? (Heidensohn)
-fear of sexual violence
-expectations to be seen as respectable
How are women controlled In employment? (Heidensohn)
-women are less likely to be in high positions
-being overseen gives them less opportunity to commit wcc crime e.g fraud
How do the courts control women?(heidensohn)
-courts treat females more harshly from males when they stray from gender norms
Evaluations of heidensohn theory
-brought focus on to why there’s a lack of female crimes
-Adlers liberation thesis suggests girls enjoy more freedom
-Pollack chivalry thesis
What did Carlen question?
Why most serious female offenders appeared WC
How did carlen conduct her study?
-unstructured interviews
-studied 39 15-46 year old working class women convicts
What is the class deal?
Work leads to material awards e.g decent living standards
What is the gender deal? (Carlen)
Patriarchial ideology promises women material and emotional rewards from family life
How are working class women deprived of a class deal?
-failure to find a legitimate way of earning
-humiliation trying to claim benefits
-gained no rewards from class deal
How are WC women deprived in the gender deal (Carlen)
-sexual abuse
-time in care broke family bonds
-homelessness
How are women treated in court? (Carlen)
-sentences are based on judgements if them as mothers,wives or daughters
What is an evaluation for Carlen?
-Challanges Otto Pollaks chivalry thesis
-Carlens sample is small and unrepresentative
What is Adlers liberation thesis?
If society becomes less patriarchial women’s crime rates will become similar to mens
What factors will cause a rise in female offences?
-patriarchal controls being lessened
-more opportunities in work and education
Evaluation of Adlers theory?
-arrest rates and conviction rates were higher in 90s vs 50s
-Vicky pryce ‘prisonomics’ found that women weren’t sent to prison for typically masculine crimes instead for truancy
-most female offenders are wc
