LED (Light Emitting Diode)

Question 1

What is the mechanism of action for Red LED?

Answer 1

• The Red LED uses light energy that penetrate through the cellular membrane and gets absorbed by cytochrome c oxidase
• This creates a photo chemical reaction, which increase mitochondrial membrane potential, increasing cell energy (ATP), nitric oxide, calcium and reactive oxygen species
• These effects enhance cell metabolism and promote tissue repair and regeneration

Question 2

What are the 3 LED wavelengths?

Answer 2

• Blue: 415nm
• Red: 633nm
• Infra red: 830nm

Question 3

What is the target chromophore for each wavelength?

Answer 3

• Blue: Porphins (p.acnes bacteria)
• Red: Penetrates in cell membrane and absorbs Cytochrome c oxidase
• Infra Red: Photo acceptors in the cell membrane

Question 4

How often?

Answer 4

1-2 times a week

Question 5

How many sessions?

Answer 5

Depending on skin concern: usually 8-12 sessions
inflammation and redness 4-8 sessions

Question 6

After care?

Answer 6

• Avoid harsh soaps and exfoliating
• Apply sun screen
• Avoid heating and sweating
• No makeup 24 hrs

Question 7

Contraindications?

Answer 7

• Claustrophobic
• Photosensitivity
• Pregnancy
• Epilepsy
• Cancer

Question 8

Benefits of blue LED?

Answer 8

• Blue: Induces bacteria death, reduce acne, and free radical damage

Question 9

Suitability for each wavelength?

Answer 9

• Blue: Acne, higher fitz, oily skin, active breakouts
• Red: Anti-aging, skin rejuvenation, healing, dry/dehydrated skin, eczema and hair loss
• Infra red: Deep tissue healing, pain relief and circulation

Question 10

What is the mechanism of action for Infra red LED?

Answer 10

• The Infra red LED uses light energy that penetrates into the skin and absorbed by photo acceptors in the cell membrane
• This creates a photophysical reaction, which activates the membrane-locate transport mechanism and increase cell energy (ATP), nitric oxide, calcium and reactive oxygen species
• These effects stimulate cell repair, reduce inflammation, and improve circulation

Question 11

What is the mechanism of action for Blue LED?

Answer 11

The Blue LED uses light energy that penetrates into the skin and gets absorbed by the porphins found in p.acnes (Propionibacterium acnes NOW CALLED c.acnes/cutibacterium acne). When absorbed a photo chemical reaction occurs, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) which destroys bacteria (reduce bacteria in skin, improving acne).

Question 12

Benefits of Red LED?

Answer 12

• Red: Anti-ageing; Reduce inflammation, rejuvenation (collagen and elastin synthesis), cell proliferation (cell turn over), hair growth and post treatment, wound healing and repair, anti inflammatory effects skin texture improvement

Question 13

Benefits of Infra Red LED?

Answer 13

• Infra red: Cell repair, muscle tension and pain, deep tissue healing, blood circulation, skin rejuvenation (collagen production), reduce inflammation