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KSUCPM MEDICAL GENETICS > LECTURE XII > Flashcards

LECTURE XII Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

these are agents that induce congenital malformations

A

teratogens

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2
Q

this is the result of non therapeutic drugs causing cognitive problems, behavioral problems, facial features, and increased likelihood of miscarriage and prematurity

A

fetal alcohol syndrome caused by alcohol

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3
Q

this anti seizure drug causes this syndrome with the newborn displaying cleft lip or cleft palate, susceptibility fo congenital heart disease, delayed growth with cognitive defects

A

fetal hydantoin syndrome

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4
Q

this infectious disease is due to the virus infecting the embryo with the baby having cardiac defects, cataracts, deafness, microcephaly, chorioretinitis, mental retardation, glaucoma

A

rubella virus or German measles

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5
Q

an abnormality inherited and present at birth?

A

congenital infection

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6
Q

often referred to period from 7 mo of gestation to 1 mo after birth

A

perinatal

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7
Q

this infectious disease occurs to the embryo when the mother gets infected during the embryonic period, the baby shows skin abnormalities, muscle atrophy, mental retardation

A

chicken pox, varicella zoster virus

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8
Q

this is an infectious disease when an intracellular parasite causes infection from cats, the mother gets it from eating infected food which then gets to the fetus, this causes intracerebral calcification, chorioretinitis, microphthalmia

A

toxoplasma gondii

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9
Q

this is a stage of syphillis that affects the mother during the fetal period and then the fetus gets infected?

A

primary syphilis

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10
Q

this stage of syphilis in which this can lead to congenital syphilis in the newborn without malformation?

A

secondary or tertiary syphilis

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11
Q

this disease is due to nonteratogenic infections that can lead to congenital infection and so this one can have affect the baby via mom during the embryonic or fetal period, abortion and stillbirth can happen, no malformations associated, this disease infects and lyses erythroblasts, no vaccines

A

erythema infectiosum

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12
Q

this disease is due to nonteratogenic infections that can lead to congenital infection, primary infection in women during fetal period can lead to fetal infection, this is acquired from contaminated water, headache, fever, myalgia, rash presentation

A

leptospira interrogans

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13
Q

what is the outcome of exposure to teratogens during the zygotic period?

A

death of embryo and spontaneous abortion

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14
Q

what is the outcome of exposure to teratogens during the embryonic period?

A

major congenital anomalies

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15
Q

what is the outcome of exposure to teratogens during the fetal period?

A

functional defects and minor anomalies

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16
Q

this type of agent induces congenital malformations and has the potential to infect the fetus in utero and be born with a congenitally acquired infection?

A

teratogenic agent

17
Q

what major malformations are associated with alcohol?

A

fetal alcohol syndrome, IUGR; microencephaly, ocular anomalies, joint abnormalities, short palpebral fissures

18
Q

what major malformations are associated with antineoplastic chemotherapeutic agents?

A

CNS, skeletal effects, cleft palate, renal problems

19
Q

what major malformations are associated with lithium?

A

heart defects

20
Q

what major malformations are associated with rubella virus?

A

cataracts, glaucoma, chorioretinitis deafness, microphthalmia, congenital heart defects

21
Q

what major malformations are associated with Toxoplasma gondii?

A

microencephaly, mental retardation, microphthalmia, congenital heart defects

22
Q

what major malformations are associated with Treponema palladium?

A

hydrocephalus, congenital deafness, mental retardation, abnormal teeth and bones

23
Q

what major malformations are associated with Warfarin?

A

fetal hemorrhage and malformation and CNS deformity

24
Q

what major malformations are associated with Androgens?

A

varying degrees of masculinization of femal fetuses, ambiguous external genitalia caused by labial fusion and clitoral hypertrophy

25
Q

what major malformations are associated with Amphetamines?

A

heart defects

26
Q

what major malformations are associated with Tetracycline?

A

skeletal and teeth

27
Q

what major malformations are associated with chloroquine?

A

CNS damage

28
Q

what major malformations are associated with dilantin?

A

multiple malformations, fetal hydantoin syndrome

29
Q

what major malformations are associated with potassium iodide?

A

fetal goiter and congenital hypothyroidism

30
Q

what major malformations are associated with vitamin A.

A

defects of head, neck and face

31
Q

what major malformations are associated with ionizing radiation?

A

x-rays, radiation (atomic bomb)

KSUCPM MEDICAL GENETICS (23 decks)

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