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Human Histology > Lecture: Types of Tissue > Flashcards

Lecture: Types of Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of tissue is designed to allow distention?

A

Transitional

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2
Q

This type of tissue is composed of scattered cells that form a matrix

A

Connective

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3
Q

Smooth muscle is mainly found in the

A

Stomach

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4
Q

NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissue

A

Binds and supports body parts

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5
Q

What type of epithelium is found in the endothelium where simple diffusion occurs?

A

Simple Squamous

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6
Q

The specialized cell found in simple and pseudostratified columnar epithelium that produces mucus is the

A

Goblet

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7
Q

What type of connective tissue consists of fibroblasts and bundles of parallel collagen fibers?

A

Regular Dense CT

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8
Q

Describe connective tissue

A

Widely spaced cells separated by a matrix consisting of fibers

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9
Q

Type of connective tissue cushions organs, stores energy and provides insulation

A

Adipose Tissue

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10
Q

Type of connective tissue found in the nose, the trachea, and the fetal skeleton

A

Hyaline Cartilage

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11
Q

The tissue type that forms the framework of the outer ear

A

Elastic Cartilage

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12
Q

The part of a neuron that receives signals is

A

Dendrite

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13
Q

The part of a neuron that conducts impulses

A

Axon

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14
Q

Which type of neuroglia forms the myelin sheath in the brain and spinal cord?

A

Oligodendrocytes

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15
Q

Which type of neuroglia helps form cerebrospinal fluid?

A

Astrocytes

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16
Q

The space that a chondrocyte or osteocyte lives in is called a

A

Lacuna

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17
Q

Composition of ECM

A

Protein
Glycoprotein
Proteoglycans

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18
Q

Consists of sheets of closely aggregated polyhedral cells with little ECM

A

Epithelial Tissues

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19
Q

Functions of Epithelial Tissue

A

Covering
Lining
Protecting Surfaces
Absorption
Secretion

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20
Q

Specific cells of certain epithelia that may be contractile

A

Myoepithelial Cells

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21
Q

Component of Base Membrane of Epithelial Tissue

A

Type IV Collagen
Laminin
Proteoglycans

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22
Q

Where can Simple Squamous Epithelium can be found?

A

Linings of vessels
Serous linings of cavities: pericardium, pleura and peritoneum
Linings of the alveoli of lungs

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23
Q

Where can Simple Cuboidal Epithelium can be found?

A

Thyroid follicles
Surface of ovary
Choroid plexus of brain
Pigment epithelium of retina
Ducts of many glands

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24
Q

Where can Simple Columnar Epithelium can be found?

A

Linings of GIT
Uterine Tubes
Ducts of Kidney

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25
Q

Where can Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium can be found?

A

Linings of trachea, bronchi and nasal cavity

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26
Q

Keratinized Stratified Squamous is found in

A

Epidermal layer of skin

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27
Q

Non-Keratinized Stratified Squamous is found in

A

Tongue
Vagina

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28
Q

Where is Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium found?

A

Ovarian follicles
Seminiferous tubules

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29
Q

Where is Stratified Columnar Epithelium found?

A

Small areas of pharynx
Epiglottis
Anus
Mammary Glands
Salivary Glands Ducts
Urethra
Conjuctiva

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30
Q

Where is Transitional Epithelium or Mesothelium found?

A

Urinary Tract/Urinary Bladder

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31
Q

Skeletal Muscle Tissue are _, _ and _

A

Cylindrical
Multinucleate
Striated

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32
Q

Cardiac Muscle Tissue are _, _, _ and _

A

Branched
Striated
Single-nuclei
Connected by intercalated discs

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33
Q

Smooth Muscles are _, _, and _

A

Spindle-shaped
Non-striated
Single central nucleus

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34
Q

Composed of extracellular protein fibers and a
ground substance

A

Matrix

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35
Q

A complex of anionic, hydrophilic proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and multi-adhesive glycoproteins (laminin, fibronectin, and others)

A

Ground Substance

36
Q

Product/Activity of Fibroblasts

A

Ground Substance
Extracellular Fibers

37
Q

Product/Activity of Plasma Cells

A

Antibodies

38
Q

Product/Activity of Lymphocytes

A

Immune/Defense Functions

39
Q

Product/Activity of Eosinophilic leukocytes

A

Allergic/Vasoactive Reaction
Defense against parasites

40
Q

Product/Activity of Neutrophilic leukocytes

A

Phagocytosis of bacteria

41
Q

Product/Activity of Macrophages

A

Phagocytosis of ECM
components and debris;
antigen processing and
presentation to immune cells;
secretion of growth factors,
cytokines, and other agents

42
Q

Product/Activity of Mast Cells and Basophilic leukocytes

A

Pharmacologically active molecules

43
Q

Product/Activity of Adipocytes

A

Storage of neutral fat

44
Q

The most abundant and widely distributed collagen

A

Collagen Type I

45
Q

Major structural proteins of external laminae and all epithelial basal laminae

A

Network or sheet-forming collagens

46
Q

Short collagens that link
fibrillar collagens to one another (forming larger fibers) and to other components of the ECM

A

Linking/Anchoring Collagen

47
Q

Reticular FIber is stained _ after _

A

Black
Impregnation with Silver (Argyrophilic)

48
Q

Types of GAGs

A

Hyaluronan
Dermatan sulfate
Chondroitin sulfate
Keratan sulfate
Heparan sulfate

49
Q

Fills the space between cells and fibers in connective
tissue

A

Ground Substance

50
Q

Where is Loose (areolar) connective tissue found?

A

Lamina propria beneath
epithelial lining of
digestive tract

51
Q

Where is Dense irregular connective tissue found?

A

Dermis of skin
Organ capsules
Submucosa layer of digestive tract

52
Q

Where is Dense regular connective tissue found?

A

Ligaments
Tendons
Aponeuroses
Corneal stroma

53
Q

What are the Embryonic Connective Tissues?

A

Mesenchyme
Mucoid Connective Tissue

54
Q

Where can Reticular Connective Tissues found?

A

Bone marrow
Liver
Pancreas
Adrenal glands
All lymphoid organs except
the thymus

55
Q

_, principal component of the fetal umbilical cord, where it is referred to as _

A

Mucoid Tissue
Wharton’s Jelly

56
Q

The predominant cell type in
adipose tissue

A

Adipocytes

57
Q

The most common type
of adipose tissue. It functions primarily as an energy reservoir, insulation, and cushioning for organs

A

White Adipose Tissue

58
Q

Specialized in generating heat through a process called thermogenesis. It
contains a high density of mitochondria and iron-rich
cytochrome proteins.

A

Brown Adipose Tissue

59
Q

Type of connective tissue that structurally supports certain soft tissues, notably in the respiratory tract, and provides cushioned, low-friction surfaces in joints

A

Cartilage

60
Q

Cells of cartilage

A

Chondrocytes

61
Q

Chondrocytes are embedded within _

A

Lacunae

62
Q

Cartilage always lacks _, _, and _

A

Blood vessels
Lymphatics
Nerves

63
Q

Where is Hyaline Cartilage found?

A

Between tips of ribs and bones of sternum
Surface of synovial joints
Support larynx, trachea and bronchi
Nasal septum

64
Q

Where is Elastic Cartilage found?

A

Auricle of external ear
Epiglottis
Auditory canal
Cuneiform cartilages of larynx

65
Q

Where is Fibrocartilage found?

A

Pads with knee joint
Pubic bones of pelvis
Intervertebral discs

66
Q

The internal covering of small trabeculae of bony
matrix that project into narrow cavity

A

Endosteum

67
Q

Outer fibrous layer of dense CT

A

Periosteum

68
Q

Found in cavities (lacunae) between bone matrix layers (lamellae), with cytoplasmic processes in small canaliculi (L. canalis, canal) that extend into the matrix

A

Osteocytes

69
Q

Growing cells which synthesize and secrete the
organic components of the matrix.

A

Osteoblasts

70
Q

Giant, multinucleated cells involved in removing
calcified bone matrix and remodeling bone tissue

A

Osteoclasts

71
Q

Forms the dense outer layer of bones and provides strength and support. It consists of tightly packed
osteons (Haversian system)

A

Compact Bone

72
Q

Forms the inner layer of bones and is characterized by its porous, honeycomb-like structure

A

Spongy (Cancellous) Bone

73
Q

The functional units of the nervous system responsible for transmitting electrical impulses and processing
information

A

Neurons

74
Q

Branched extensions that receive incoming signals
from other neurons or sensory receptors

A

Dendrites

75
Q

A long, slender projection that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body toward other neurons

A

Axon

76
Q

With one axon and two or more dendrites

A

Multipolar Neurons

77
Q

One dendrite and one axon

A

Bipolar Neurons

78
Q

Each have a single process that bifurcates close to the perikaryon, with the longer branch extending to a peripheral ending and the other toward the CNS

A

Unipolar or Pseudounipolar Neurons

79
Q

Many dendrites but no true axon

A

Anaxonic Neurons

80
Q

Provide structural support, regulate the chemical environment around neurons, and contribute to the blood-brain barrier

A

Astrocytes

81
Q

Immune cells that protect the nervous system by
removing debris, pathogens, and damaged cells through
phagocytosis

A

Microglia

82
Q

Myelin production in CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

83
Q

Myelin production in PNS

A

Schwann Cells

84
Q

Aid production and movement of CSF

A

Ependymal Cell

85
Q

Refer to the axons of neurons

A

Nerve Fibers

Human Histology (5 decks)

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