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Phpy 301 > Lecture Two > Flashcards

Lecture Two Flashcards

1
Q

What are phospholipids?

A

Amphipathic

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2
Q

Why are phospholipids amphipathic

A

Because they have a hydrophilic head group and hydrophobic tail groups

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3
Q

At low concentrations what will phospholipids form what shape in water

A

Monolayer

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4
Q

At high concentration phospholipids will form what shape in water

A

Micelles and eventually a bilayer

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5
Q

Which way can phospholipids move

A

Laterally, rotate or flex

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6
Q

Which way can’t phospholipids move

A

Flip from leaflets

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7
Q

What does cholesterol do

A

Aids in stiffening the membrane

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8
Q

What can cholesterol in the membrane do

A

Flip back and fourth easily

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9
Q

What is the purpose of phospholipids

A

Form a barrier against diffusion

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10
Q

Why do phospholipids form a barrier against diffusion

A

To control concentration of ion flow in and out of the cell

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11
Q

What is the movement from one location to another as a result of random thermal movement

A

Diffusion

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12
Q

What does this formula represent

Jx=Px([X]o-[X]i)

A

Simple diffusion and ficks law

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13
Q

What does Jx represent

A

Flux of solute

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14
Q

What does Px represent

A

Permeability coefficient

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15
Q

When does ficks law work

A

Uncharged solutes

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16
Q

What is the driving force that determines the passive transport of solutes across a membrane

A

Electrochemical gradient

17
Q

What is the unidirectional equation

A

Flux in - flux out

18
Q

What contributes to the movement of X

A

Concentration of X is higher out than in

If concentration of X is charged then electrical potential out does not equal in

19
Q

What happens when no net driving force is acting on X

A

X is at equilibrium across the membrane and no net transport of x across membrane

20
Q

What does membrane transport depend on?

A

Presence of integral proteins

21
Q

What happens in the absence of integral proteins

A

Cell membrane is practically impermeable to ions and water molecules

22
Q

What are the two ways membrane transport occurs

A

Actively or passively

23
Q

What are pores

A

Channels that are always open “leak channels”

24
Q

What are channels

A

Pathways that can be opened or closed

25
Q

What are carriers

A

Things that facilitate passive transport through membrane

26
Q

What are water pores

A

Pathways that provide aqueous transmembrane conduit and is always open

27
Q

What are porins

A

a substance in outer membranes of gram negative bacteria an mitochondria

28
Q

What is perforin

A

Cytotoxic t lymphocytes that kill their target cell

29
Q

Nuclear pore complex

A

Regulates traffic in and out of cells

30
Q

What are aquaporins (aqp)

A

Channels just large enough to allow water molecules to pass through

31
Q

What are channels

A

Gated pores formed by polypeptide subunits

Phpy 301 (6 decks)

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