Lecture Quizzes E1

Question 1

Water tends to move… in regard to osmolarity

Answer 1

From low OSM to high OSM

Question 2

Which branch of the nervous system is predominately involved in regulating the cardiovascular system

Answer 2

sympathetic - thoracolumbar

Question 3

Which channel is responsible for the upswing of the AP in a neuron

Answer 3

VGNa+C

Question 4

Which receptor mechanism increases cAMP levels in a cell

Answer 4

Gs PCR

Question 5

What is the predominate NT of the para

Answer 5

ACh

Question 6

T or F Contraction of the papillary muscles opens the atrioventricular valves

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Arteries, by definition…

Answer 7

Carry blood away from the heart

Question 8

Of the following, which contributes the most to the weight of the blood?
a. Gases b. ions c. Nutrients d. Proteins e. waste products

Answer 8

D - proteins

Question 9

The driving force for bulk flow is…

Answer 9

Pressure differences

Question 10

Which of the following equations are physiological deterministic equations

a. ΔP = F*R
b. F = ΔP/R
c. Hematocrit = V of erythrocytes/total V blood * 100
d. R = 8ln/πr4
e. R= ΔP/F
f. N = πr4/8l

Answer 10

B and D
F = ΔP/R
R = 8ln/πr4

Question 11

What causes the sinoatrial node to be the normal pacemaker for the heart?

Answer 11

They are the cells having the highest concentration of F-type cation channels

Question 12

The upswing of the cardiomyocyte action potential is due to …

Answer 12

Fast voltage-gated Na+ C

Question 13

The upswing of the nodal action potential is due to …

Answer 13

L-type Ca++ C

Question 14

Which channels are present in cardiomyocytes but not nodal cells

a. Fast voltage-gated Na+ C
b. F-type cation channels
c. L-type Ca++ cahnnels
d. Slow VGK+C
e. T-type Ca++ C
f. All of the above channels are found in nodal cells

Answer 14

A only - nodal cells lack fast VGNa+C

Question 15

Which channels are present in nodal cells, but not cardiomyocytes?

a. Fast voltage-gated Na+ C
b. F-type cation channels
c. L-type Ca++ cahnnels
d. Slow VGK+C
e. T-type Ca++ C
f. All of the above channels are found in cardiomyocytes

Answer 15

B and e - cardiomyocytes last F-type cation channels and T-type calcium channels

Question 16

T or F Calcium must enter the cell through L-type Ca++ C in order for ryanodine receptors to open in cardiomyocytes

Answer 16

True cardio false skeletal

Question 17

T or F It is important for cardiomyocytes to be able to develop tetanus

Answer 17

False

Question 18

A wave of depolarization moving toward the negative electrode would cause an (upward/downward) deflection on an ECG record

Answer 18

Down

Question 19

A wave of repolarization moving toward the negative electrode would cause an (upward/downward) deflection on an ECG record

Answer 19

Up

Question 20

Which of the following refers to ventricular contraction?

a. Diastole b. P wave c. QRS complex d. systole e. T wave

Answer 20

Systole

Question 21

Systole is marked by …

Answer 21

The closing of the AV valves

Question 22

Which of the following is a deterministic equation in physiology?

a. ΔP = ΔV/cl
b. ΔP=ΔVcl
c. ΔP=cl/ΔV
d. ΔV=ΔP/cl
e. ΔV=ΔPcl
f. ΔV=cl/ΔP
g. Cl=ΔP/ΔV
h. Cl=ΔV/ΔP
i. Cl=ΔV*ΔP

Answer 22

A - ΔP = ΔV/cl

Question 23

Aortic pressure is higher than arterial pressure … (in the cardiac cycle)

Answer 23

The whole cardiac cycle

Question 24

Atrial pressure is higher than ventricular pressure … (in the cardiac cycle)

Answer 24

All of ventricular filling

Question 25

Ventricular pressure is higher than aortic pressure … (in the cardiac cycle)

Answer 25

All of ventricular ejection

Question 26

The right ventricle is (more/less) compliant than the left ventricle

Answer 26

more compliant

Question 27

What is the most important determinate of stroke volume?

Answer 27

preload

Question 28

Starling’s law of the heart affects …

a. Heart rate b. Parasympathetic activity c. stroke volume d. sympathetic activity

Answer 28

c- stroke volume

Question 29

The second heart sound is due to

Answer 29

closing of semilunar valves

Question 30

Protein kinase A can phosphorylate which of the following proteins (select all that apply)

a. Calcium pumps
b. Calreticulin
c. Fast VGNa+C
d. F-type cation channels
e. Inward rectifying portassium channels
f. L-type calcium channels
g. Ryanodine receptors
h. Slow VGNa+C
i. Na+/K+ pumps
j. T-type calcium channels

Answer 30

Adfg - calcium pumps (cardiomyocytes), F-TYPE CATION CHANNELS (nodal cells), L-type calcium channels (cardiomyocytes), and Ryanodine receptors (Cardiomyocytes)

Question 31

T or F Mean arterial pressure = Diastolic Pressure + 1/3 Pulse Pressure is a deterministic equation in physiology

Answer 31

False

Question 32

The diastolic pressure in the arteries occurs during … dia or sys

Answer 32

The diastolic pressure occurs during systole

Question 33

The higher the resistance in the arterioles the .. The pressure in the arteries

Answer 33

The higher the resistance in the arterioles the higher the pressure in the arteries

Question 34

The more compliant an artery is … the pulse pressure

Answer 34

The more compliant an artery is the lower the pulse pressure

Question 35

Decreasing arterial compliance … on MAP

Answer 35

Decreasing arterial compliance does not change mean arterial pressure

Question 36

T or F The B2 adrenergic receptor can be present in the sympathetic synapses on vascular smooth muscle

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Penile arterioles are innvervated by

a. Para nerves releasing Ach
b. Para nerves releasing NO
c. Para nerves releasing nore
d. Sym nerves releasing Ach
e. Sym nerve releasing NO
f. Symp nerves releasing nore

Answer 37

E - symp nerves releasing NO

Question 38

Which local control mechanisms involve, at lest in part, the myogenic response

Answer 38

Flow autoregulation and reactive hyperemia

Question 39

Match the hormone or paracrine factor with whether it is a a) vasoconstrictor b) vasodilator or c) both

a. Angiotensin
b. Endothelin-1
c. Epinephrine
d. Nitric oxide
e. Prostacyclin
f. Vasopressin

Answer 39

aacbba