Lecture Quiz 5

Question 1

Cellular barriers against bacteria

Answer 1

Neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells

Question 2

Neutrophils

Answer 2

Migrate to area of inflammation. Extracellular bacteria can slip in and out of capillaries into tissues. Functions: NETs, antimicrobial chemicals, phagocytosis.

Question 3

NETs

Answer 3

Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET). A type of programmed cell death. Neutrophils die, spill out its DNA to trap cells, releases chromatin. Pathogens no longer capable of infection. Makes them more susceptible to anti-microbial chemicals. Major component of pus.

Question 4

Antimicrobial chemicals in neutrophils

Answer 4

H2O, bleach, lysozyme, lactoferrin, cathelicidins

Question 5

Phagocyte pathogen

Answer 5

• PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns)
• Flagellin, LPS, peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid, etc
• Do not occur in humans
• TLRs and PRRs
• Membrane protein that recognized foreign molecules

Question 6

Inflammation

Answer 6

Nonspecific response to tissue damage. Redness, swelling, heat, pain. Dilation, increased permeability of blood vessels. Triggered by mast cells, which release histamine. Recruitment of cellular defenses to affected are by release of histamine and other signal chemicals. Pus often forms during infection.

Question 7

Fever

Answer 7

Elevated body temperature. Increase overall metabolic rate of host.

Question 8

Antigens

Answer 8

Antibody generating. Molecules that elicit an immune response. Any molecule that interacts with antibodies. Large, complex molecules that have good antigenic properties.

Question 9

Autoantigen

Answer 9

“Self” antigen that says “it’s me”

Question 10

Exogenous antigen

Answer 10

Product or part of microbe in body. On surface of pathogen.

Question 11

Endogenous antigen

Answer 11

Antigen from intracellular pathogen presents on surface of host cell. Non-self antigens presented on surface of our ells. What happens when our cells are infected with a virus. Tells immune system “come kill me”!