lecture quiz 1 (+midterm) Flashcards
the word “bible” comes from ___ and _____ words for “_____”.
Latin; Greek; Book
what is the date range of the OT?
1400 BC - 400 BC
what is the date range of the NT?
50AD - 100 AD
language of the OT?
Hebrew (primarily)
Language of the NT?
Koine (common) Greek
-common people could understand this `
Canon is the Greek word for:
reed, which was used as a measuring stick
canonical books are “measured up” as being ____ by God and therefore ___.
inspired; authoritative
do we have the original copies (autographs) of the Bible?
No, we have many copies called manuscripts
what issue is textual criticism used in?
because manuscripts are not all identical, they are similar
what are some challenges to understanding the message of the Bible?
language, time, culture, bias, busyness
exegesis
careful study of scripture in order to draw out its intended meaning
how do you exegete a passage?
you ask questions
the Exegesis questions can be split into 2 categories:
context and content
questions of context:
- historical context (time, place, culture, audience)
- literary context (what is written before/after)
- personal context (personal experiences may influence our view of God and the Bible)
questions of content
- slow down
- use multiple versions
- use “helps” (commentaries, etc)
reading for insight:
- pray
- approach w/ expectation
- slow down
- experience the scene
- ask God “what do I take from this?”
- If God gives an explanation, respond.
a specifically relevant message carries…
deeper meaning and greater power than a general and irrelevant message
for a message to be meaningful and powerful, it must be ______.
relevant
problem with the Bible being specifically relevant?
it was relevant to a group of people who are very different from us today
the Bible was not written ___ us, but it was written ___ us.
to; for
God reveals truths _____.
progressively.
expectations/Assumptions: NOW
- God as an elected politician (take care of us, of you’re out)
- we want a nice/friendly God
- individualistic
- egalitarian society
- biological life: death is the ultimate concern
- compartmentalized (social, religious, family, etc)
- natural cause/effect logic
expectations/assumptions: THEN
- God as a king
- God as powerful, not friendly
- group identity (need to play a certain role)
- hierarchical society
- death before dishonor
- holistic view of life (everything is connected)
- every event is caused by God (he is given credit or blame)
key OT events in order
creation fall flood covenant exodus exile
around when was God’s covenant with Abram?
2000 BC
when was the exodus with Moses?
around 1500 BC
when does Usher say creation took place?
4004 BC
3 major divisions of the OT in the Hebrew Bible?
Law (torah)
prophets (Nevi’im)
writings (kethovim)
Hebrew bible is called the:
Tanak
the original bible was written on…
papyrus
the Hebrew bible was it its final form by ____, but it was not pointed util around __________.
300 BC; 600-1000 AD
Hebrew translation into Greek
septuagint (LXX)
the Torah is revered by ___ religions: _________________
3; Judaism/Christianity/Islam
2 other names for the Torah?
- Books of Moses
- Pentateuch
traditional view about the author of the Torah?
Moses
- Torah mentions Moses writing things down
- NT attributes it to Moses
- oldest sources attribute these books to Moses
problems with Moses being the author of the Torah?
- Books do not explicitly name Moses the author
- Moses’s death is written about
- some lines do not align with Moses’s writing
Who created the Documentary Hypothesis?
Julius Wellhausen
Documentary Hypothesis:
Torah is the result of combining 4 distinct sources (JEDP) all written centuries after the death of Moses.
Dybdahl’s view on the authorship of the Torah?
- Moses= primary author
- others contributed after his death
- God inspired this writing
Genesis means:
origin, source
Genesis Outline: Ch. 1-11; Ch. 12-50
1-11: primeval stories
12-150: patriarchal studies
genesis outline: Ch. 1; Ch. 2-11; Ch. 12-50
1: origin of the world
2-11: origin of humanity
12-50: origin of Israel
toledoth formula
- 10 in Genesis
- “geneology of”
- literary structure/section in Genesis
opening verses of Genesis provides a __ of what follows.
summary
Genesis is filled with ___: the # of perfection
sevens
key terms in Genesis:
formless, empty, and dark
days of forming
1, 2, 3
days of filling
4, 5, 6
day of rest
7
day 1
seperating light/dark
day 2
separating water from water
-“vault”
day 3
water (seas) divide from dry land
day 4
greater light and lesser light
day 5
birds and sea creautures
day 6
land creatures and humanity
a single word for creation:
harmony
after the fall, harmony is
broken
the 4 fractures after the Fall
- between humans and God
- Between humans and nature
- between humans and other humans
- between humans and themselves
Adam and Eve were sent from the garden, but not
abandoned
potential meaning of “Sons of God”
- the line of Seth (Good)
2. fallen angels
potential meaning for “daughters of men”
- Line of Cain (evil)
2. humans
nephilim means
fallen angels
why did God send the flood?
he saw that every thought and inclination of the human heart was evil at all times
the Tower of Babel parallel the ____ in Eden: an attempt to reach the heavens
sin
why did God scatter the people after the Tower of Babel?
limit their pride by scattering them
where was Abram when he was called?
Ur
what did God call Abram to do?
leave Ur and go to the land I will show you
covenant
contract/treaty: an official relationship
the covenant ceremony
cutting animals in 1/2 and walking between them
who walks between the animals: God or Abraham?
God
why does Abram tell Sarai to say they are siblings?
she is very beautiful and he does not want to be killed because of her
in Genesis, God creates a world. In Exodus, God creates a :
peoples/nation in 5 steps
5 steps God uses to create his nation
- knows the problems of the people
- He acts powerfully to deliver his people
- he establishes a relationship via covenant
- he gives instructions on how to live
- he sets up a system of worship/forgiveness
All Pharaohs efforts are thwarted by :
women
why did the Pharaohs daughter name him Moses?
- she saw that he was good
2. boy-child (Egyptian); “draw out” (Hebrew)
the Hebrew world for basket in the story of Moses only appears one other place in the OT:
the ark
Moses is not perfect:
- violent
- fearful
- not a good speaker
YHWH is the sound of
human breathing: every breath is given by God and we are always calling his name
I AM WHO I AM + I AM
1st person continuous of the “to be” very: I was, I am, I always will be
is advanced warning given before the plagues?
yes
the 10 plagues showed judgement on the ___ of Egypt
gods (the Nile, Sun god, Frog god, etc)
supernatural intervention or natural events: the Plagues
probably supernatural
How many Hebrew left Egypt?
depends:
if Eleph is translated as thousand: 2-3 million Israelites left
If it is translated as squad (8-12 ppl): 20-30 thousand left
problem with Eleph being translated as thousand
- goshen is a small land where all the Israelites and their flocks lived, could not hold 2-3 million
- does not match other parts of scripture that say Israel was small in #
When did Israel leave Egypt?
Sometime before 1220 BCE: we know this because of the merneptah Steele
Israel _____, God graciously ______.
complains; intervenes
the 10 commandments are presented as broad _____.
principles
____ out of 10 commandments are in negative form “Thou shalt not…”
8 (defines out limits)
Jesus’s summary of the law
Love God, Love others
new ___ require new laws
situations
the ___ behind the law remain the same
principle
Code of Hammurabi vs OT laws: intentional vs unintentional acts
CH: no distinction
OT: clear distinction
Code of Hammurabi vs OT laws: motive behind laws
CH: protect rights/property of wealth
OT: response to the experience of God’s deliverance
Code of Hammurabi vs OT laws: property
CH: strictest laws for crimes against property, like death.
OT: strictness laws for crimes against other people
Code of Hammurabi vs OT laws: classes of people
CH: greater distinction between classes/gender
OT: fewer distinctions
Code of Hammurabi vs OT laws: mutilation
CH: yes
OT: no
what makes God very angry
mistreating the powerless: widows and orphans
OT law is specifically for:
OT world
OT law was unique in its concert for
people, especially the powerless
the underlying principle of law is
love
law is not a burden: it is a
gift which brings life
