lecture quiz 1 Flashcards
What is the definition of “natural history”
Latin: “naturalis historia” - a process of studying natural events
- main topic = WHOLE organism
- will focus on anatomy, physiology, ecology, evolution and molecular phylogeny
What is a vertebrate’s classification?
domain eukarya
kingdom animalia
phyla chordata
subphyla vertebrata
what % of the population are chordates?
1% of all animals
Characteristics of a chordate?
- Deuterostomes
- notochord
- dorsal hollow nerve cord/tube
- one way digestive system at some stage
- post anal tail
- bilateral symmetry
- pharyngeal slits at some stage
- endostyle
- metamerism
What is a deuterostome?
deutero = 2nd stome = mouth
(second opening of digestive tube becomes the mouth)
ex: echinoderms… hemichordates
What is a notochord?
- connective tissue rod
- becomes intervertebral discs
What does the pharyngeal slit become in adults?
thymus and parathyroids
What is the endostyle?
cilia/mucous for trapping food
What is a metamerism?
repeating units
What makes up subphylum cephalochordata?
Lancelets, amphioxus
Know the phylogenetic trees for deuterostomes and chordates
(draw tree)
Describe the characteristics of amphioxus and lancelets
amphi - pointed on both ends
as adults:
- notochord
- endostyle
- post anal tail
- hollow dorsal nerve
burrow in sand
filter feeders
tropics, subtropics
What makes up the subphylum tunicata (urochordata)?
- tunicates, sea squirts
tunicates secrete mucous…
Describe the characteristics of tunicates / sea squirts as ADULTS
as adults:
- few chordate characteristics
- openings : no one way digestive
Describe the characteristics of tunicates/sea squirts in the LARVAL stage
larval :
- notochord
- hollow dorsal nerve cord
- post anal tail
- endostyle
- one way digestive system