lecture python

Question 1

dictionary

Answer 1

a list where the index can be (almost) anything, eg. a string or a number. the index is called a key. what is available at this key is called a value.

Question 2

built-in functions

Answer 2

functions that are already built. Most of what you want to do with a list already exists as a function, eg. sum(), max(), and min().

Question 3

functions

Answer 3

lead to (1) less code to write, (2) less code to debug and modify, and (3) less code to read.

Question 4

defining

Answer 4

means (1) the name of the function, (2) what arguments it receives, and (3) what value it returns.

Question 5

calling

Answer 5

means (1) using the function, (2) providing arguments, and (3) getting the return value.

Question 6

modules

Answer 6

contain functions, eg. math module.

Question 7

yfinance

Answer 7

module that gathers stock information from Yahoo Finance.

Question 8

mplfinance

Answer 8

module that creates graphs from financial data.

Question 9

numpy-financial

Answer 9

a collection of financial and accounting functtions.

Question 10

keys() method

Answer 10

can be used to make a list of the keys in a dictionary. eg., car_info1.keys()

Question 11

abs()

Answer 11

a function that returns the absolute value of an argument. eg., -5 returns 5.

Question 12

dataframe.dtypes

Answer 12

indicates the type of data in each column of a dataframe.

Question 13

head() method

Answer 13

shows the first x amount of columns in a dataframe, as specified by the argument.

Question 14

apply() method

Answer 14

applies a function to every element of a column or dataframe, as specified in the argument.

Question 15

plot.bar

Answer 15

a method used to plot a bar graph. barh, gives a horizontal bar graph.

Question 16

_

Answer 16

gets rid of the display at the top of a graph. eg. _ = …

Question 17

describe() method

Answer 17

used to generate descriptive statistics for a dataframe.

Question 18

bins

Answer 18

specifies the number of intervals into which the data will be divided in eg. a histogram.

Question 19

pd.cut

Answer 19

a function from the pd module that takes a list of values.

Question 20

sample method

Answer 20

returns a random sample from a dataframe.

Question 21

upper() method

Answer 21

a method that converts a string value into uppercase.

Question 22

strip() method

Answer 22

method used to remove leading and trailing spaces whitespaces.

Question 23

isalpha() method

Answer 23

a method to check if all the characters in a string are alphabetic. It returns True if all characters in the string are alphabetic (letters), otherwise it returns False.

Question 24

80/20 rule

Answer 24

indicates that 80% of your time is spent shaping and cleaning your data and 20% is spent visualising data.

Question 25

slicing

Answer 25

data can be seen as a cube with multiple dimensions. with slicing, we only want one part of the data cube.

Question 26

dice

Answer 26

selects specific values of multiple dimensions to produce a new subcube.

Question 27

pd.series()

Answer 27

a method that creates a series object. it is capable of holding any data type and similar to a list, but with more features.