Lecture: Neurotransmitters

Question 1

amino acid neurotransmitter(s)

Answer 1

Glutamate
Aspartate
Glycine
GABA

Question 2

What are the two categories of monoamines?

Answer 2

Catecholamines
Indolamines

Question 3

Monoamine catecholamine neurotransmitter(s)

Answer 3

Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine

Question 4

Monoamine Indolamine neurotransmitter(s)

Answer 4

Serotonin

Question 5

Soluble gas neurotransmitters

Answer 5

Nitric oxide
Carbon monoxide

Question 6

Acetylcholine neurotransmitter(s)

Answer 6

Acetylcholine

Question 7

Which neurotransmitter is its own class?

Answer 7

Acetylcholine

Question 8

Neuropeptide neurotransmitter(s)

Answer 8

Endorphins

Question 9

Most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the bran

Answer 9

Glutamate

Question 10

Predominant ionotropic Glutamate receptor

Answer 10

NMDA

Question 11

What neurotransmitter is termed the “on switch” for the brain?

Answer 11

Glutamate

Question 12

Glutamate ionotropic receptor(s)

Answer 12

AMPA
NMDA
Kainate

Question 13

Glutamate metabotropic receptor(s)

Answer 13

mGluRs

Question 14

Neural injury that causes excess release of glutamate, killing neurons

Answer 14

Excitotoxicity

Question 15

What results in excitotoxicity

Answer 15

Stroke
Head Trauma

Question 16

Most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain

Answer 16

GABA

Question 17

Ionotropic GABA receptor(s)

Answer 17

GABA subscript A

Question 18

GABA agonists are potent ______

Answer 18

Tranquilizers

Question 19

GABA agonists:

Answer 19

Valium
Barbiturates
Ethanol
Neurosteroids
Benzodiazepines

Question 20

What might benzodiazepines be used for?

Answer 20

Stop seizures
Antidepressants

Question 21

What might barbiturate be used for?

Answer 21

Sleeping pills
Anesthesia

Question 22

What is the neurotransmitter in alcohol?

Answer 22

Ethanol

Question 23

Most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord

Answer 23

Glycine

Question 24

What is the neurotransmitter for adrenaline?

Answer 24

Epinephrine

Question 25

What does dopamine facilitate?

Answer 25

Addiction Learning Schizophrenia Motor Control

Question 26

Dopamine pathway(s)

Answer 26

Mesolimbocortical Mesotriatal

Question 27

Where does the mesotriatal pathway go for dopamine?

Answer 27

Substantia nigra to striatum (Caudate and putamen)

Question 28

Where does the mesolibocorotical pathway go for dopamine?

Answer 28

Ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens, cortex, and hippocampus

Question 29

What is Norepinephrine vital for?

Answer 29

Mood Arousal Sexual Behavior

Question 30

Where does the norepinephrine pathway travel?

Answer 30

Locus Coreleus to hippocampus, basal ganglia, and cortex Lateral Tegmental area

Question 31

What is serotonin vital for?

Answer 31

Sleep Sexual Behavior Anxiety

Question 32

What neurotransmitter is responsible for anxiety and panic attacks?

Answer 32

Serotonin

Question 33

What structures are vital to the serotonin pathway?

Answer 33

Hippocampus (under the surface) and Raphe Nuclei

Question 34

What is the serotonin pathway?

Answer 34

Mesencephalic serotonergic cells project to thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, and cortex

Question 35

What state of matter are the nitric oxide and carbon monoxide neurotransmitters?

Answer 35

Gasses

Question 36

Nitric oxide is produced in _____ of the _____ cell and diffuses _____

Answer 36

Dendrites Postsynaptic Instantly

Question 37

Gas neurotransmitters are diffused to ____ cells

Answer 37

Nearby

Question 38

Gas neurotransmitters _____ neighboring neurons

Answer 38

Synchronize

Question 39

Can gasses be stores in vesicles?

Answer 39

No

Question 40

Acetylcholine receptor(s)

Answer 40

Nicotinic Muscarinic

Question 41

Agonists for acetylcholine

Answer 41

Nicotine Muscarine

Question 42

What is Curare good for?

Answer 42

Helps with suffocation from seizures Relaxes muscles and paralyzes patients

Question 43

Most nicotinic ACh receptors are:

Answer 43

Ionotropic Excitatory Peripheral

Question 44

Most muscarinic ACh receptors are:

Answer 44

Metabotropic Excitatory or inhibitory CNS

Question 45

_____ use nicotinic ACh receptors

Answer 45

muslces

Question 46

Is glutamate excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 46

Excitatory

Question 47

Is asparate excitatory or inhibitory

Answer 47

Excitatory

Question 48

Is glycine excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 48

Inhibitory

Question 49

Is GABA excitatory or inhibitory

Answer 49

Inhibitory

Question 50

Is dopamine excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 50

Neither

Question 51

Is epinephrine excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 51

Excitatory

Question 52

Is norepinephrine excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 52

Excitatory

Question 53

Is serotonin excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 53

Inhibitory

Question 54

Is nitric oxide excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 54

Both

Question 55

Is carbon monoxide excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 55

inhibitory

Question 56

Is acetylcholine excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 56

Excitatory

Question 57

Are endorphins excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 57

Inhibitory