Exam 1 Case Studies Flashcards
What did trey have?
Edema
What is Edema?
Excessive fluid in the brain
What happened to trey?
He ran into a car and died 5 hours later
What did the 14 y/o Vietnamese girl have?
Right-side stroke
What were treys symptoms?
Alert at first, then became lethargic
What were 14yo Vietnamese girl’s symptoms?
First couldn’t move right arm or see to her left
A month later unable to move left arm and hearing was worse
What was 14yo Vietnamese girls developmental symptoms?
Short, thin, and hard of hearinh
What did 36yo engineer at TI have?
Astrocytoma
What were 36yo engineer’s symptoms?
Incoordination of left arm and tendency to fall to left, along with headaches
What is the key word for astrocytoma?
headaches
What did Rolf have?
Alexander disease
What is Alexander disease
Astrocytes fill up with GFAP, then fail
Who was the 15 month-old boy admitted for continual screaming, vomiting, and englarged head?
Rolf
What happened to Rolf?
He deteriorated and died 3 weeks later
Where is GFAP found?
Astrocytes
What did Alex have?
Lowe syndrome
What does Lowe syndrome damage?
Golgi body
What chromosome is Lowe syndrome linked to?
X
What body structures does Lowe syndrome affect?
Eyes, brain, and kidneys
What were Alex’s symptoms
Hardly ever cried and found cataracts as a baby
became severely retarded in 4 months
What did Sheila have?
Tetanus
What does tetanus do on the neurotransmitter level?
Glycine inhibits ecvess body movements
What is the poison in tetanus
Tetanospasmin
What does tetanospasmin do on the neurotransmitter level?
Inhibits glycine
What is the effect of tetanospasmin inhibiting glycine?
muscle stiffness/ contractions
What body parts does tetanus especially effect?
Jaw and neck
What were Sheila’s symptoms?
Face began to ache and difficulty opening mouth
What happened to Sheila after going to doctor?
jaw stiffness and severe back and limb spasms
How old was the case that ate Fugu?
32 man
What were the symptoms in the Fugu case?
tingling in the tongue and right side of mouth
Light feeling
Anxiety
Thoughts of dying
What is the animal in Fugu?
Pufferfish
What is the chemical in pufferfish?
Tetrodotoxin
What does tetrodotoxin do?
Block Na+ gated channels
What is periodic paralysis
LoF mutation of Na+ channels in muscles
Does periodic paralysis cause less or more depolarization?
Less
What happened to Don?
Dopamine agonist caused impulse control issues
Who was the retired accountant?
Don
What were Don’s symptoms?
Tremor and slowing of movements
What was Don’s initial diagnosis?
Parkinson
What was don prescribed for parkinson’s
Levodopa
Why was Don switched from levodopa to ropinirole
Motor systems started to fluctuate
What happened after Don switched to ropinirole
Gamgling
What was don’s rapinirole replaced with?
a MAOI
What happened when Don got on MAOIs?
gambling disappeared
Symptoms of opiate overdose?
Dilated pupils (2mm) and barely react to light
Are drug overdose death rates increasing or decreasing?
Increasing
What did B-19 initially suffer from?
Depression and obsession-compulsion disorder
How was B-19 initially reated?
Electrodes implanted at nine sites and left for 3 months
Which electrode produced pleasure in B-19?
near the MFB
Was the treatment for B-19 addictive?
Yes
What did B-19 stimulate himself to the point of?
Overwhelming euphoria and elation
How old was B-19?
24yo man
What was being stimulated by B-19s electrode
VTA via median forebrain bundle
Did B-19 protest turning the electrode off?
Yes
What did the B-19 experiment simulate?
Addiction
