Lecture Final Flashcards
1) Which structure is the site of sperm production?
a) Vas deferens
b) Seminiferous tubules
c) Seminal vesicle
d) Epididymis
b) seminiferous tubules
2) Which of the following cells may eventually become spermatozoa?
a) Sertoli cells
b) Sustentacular cells
c) Spermatogonia
d) Chief cells
c) spermatogonia
3) Which cells secrete testosterone?
a) Sertoli cells
b) Spermatogenic cells
c) Leydig cells (interstitial cells)
d) Oogonia
c) Leydig cells(interstitial cells)
4) The function of the epididymis is
a) Sperm maturation
b) Produce sperm
c) Spermatid storage
d) Store spermatogonia
a) sperm maturation
5) What is not produced by the ovaries?
a) Secondary oocytes
b) Estrogen
c) progesterone
d) LH
d) LH
6) Which hormone triggers ovulation?
a) GnRH
b) LH
c) FSH
d) Estrogen
b)LH
7) Which hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum after ovulation?
a) Progesterone
b) Oxytocin
c) LH
d) FSH
a) Progesterone
8) The uterine phase where the thickness of the endometrium doubles is the
a) Menstrual phase
b) Preovulatory phase
c) Proliferative phase
d) Follicular phase
c) Proliferative phase
9) During Gastrulation
a) Bilaminar embryonic disc is formed
b) Ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm are formed
c) Epiblast and hypoblast are formed
d) Umbilical cord is formed
b) Ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm are formed
10) The major hormone secreted from ovarian follicular cells is
a) Progesterone
b) Estrogen
c) Testosterone
d) Relaxin
b) Estrogen
11) Which hormone inhibits the release of FSH from the pituitary gland?
a) Inhibin
b) Relaxin
c) GnRH
d) hCG
c) GnRH
12) Labor begins when
a) Progesterone levels decrease and estrogen levels increase
b) Progesterone levels increase and estrogen levels decrease
c) Oxytocin must be released
d) Both a and b are correct
e) Both b and c are correct
a) Progesterone levels decrease and estrogen levels increase
13) The fusion of the male pronucleus and the female pronucleus results in which developmental stage?
a) Female zygote
b) Embryonic plate
c) Zygote
d) Blastomeres
c) Zygote
14)The hormone Inhibin is produced by
a) The Sertoli
(sustentacular )cells
b) Leydig cells
c) interstitial cells
d) spermatogonia
a) The Sertoli (sustentacular cells)
15) Which of the following is the part of the blastocyst that promotes implantation and produces hCG?
a) Placenta
b) Trophoblast
c) Yolk sac
d) Uterine cavity
b) Trophoblast
16) Cleavage :
a) Is the rapid division of the zygote by mitosis
b) Is the rapid division of the zygote by meiosis
c) Results in 2 cell 4 cell and morula structures that are the size of the zygote.
d) a and c are correct
e) a and b are correct.
d) A and C are correct
17) Which of the following will become the primary structure for exchange of material between the mother and the fetus?
a) Chorionic villi
b) Amnionic fluid
c) Yolk Sac
d) Endoderm
a) Chorionic Villi
18) Which of the following is the connection between the placenta and the embryo?
a) Amnion
b) Chorion
c) Umbilical cord
d) Placenta
c) umbilical cord
19) Which of the following is an agent or influence that causes developmental defects in an embryo?
a) Amnion
b) Vitamins
c) chorion
d) Teratogen
d) Teratogen
20) CVS is taking cells from where?
a) Amnion
b) Chorion
c) Placenta
d) Umbilical cord
b) Chorion
21) Involution is
a) When the placenta is expelled
b) When the umbilical cord is cut
c) When the uterus decreases in size
d) When the cervix dilates
c) when the uterus decreases in size
22) Which hormone stimulates the release of milk into the mammary ducts via the milk ejection reflex?
a) Prolactin
b) Oxytocin
c) Estrogen
d) Progesterone
a) Prolactin
23) Which of the following are major potential teratogens that affect embryonic development?
a) Alcohol
b) Cigarette smoke
c) Irradiation
d) All of these
d) All of these
24) Failure of gastrulation in an embryo will result in.
a) failure of the development of the three primary germ layers.
b) lack of trophoblast development.
c) failure of amnion formation.
d) lack of chorionic development.
a) failure of the development of the three primary germ layers
25) Genetic disorders in a fetus can be detected
a) Chorionic villi sampling
b) Ultrasonography
c) Amniocentesis
d) a and b are correct
e) a and c are correct.
e) A and C are correct
26) The muscles, bones, other connective tissues, and the peritoneum are all derived from
a) the endoderm
b) Mesoderm
c) Ectoderm
d) Both a and c are correct
a) the endoderm
27) The syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblasts are developed from
a) The inner cell mass
b) The trophoblast.
c) The Yolk sac.
d) None of the above.
b) the Trophoblast
28) Incomplete dominance of inheritance
a) Neither member of the pair of alleles is dominant over the other .
b) It is a codominance pattern of inheritance.
c) Both a and b are correct
d) Neither a and are correct
a) Neither member of the pair of alleles is dominant over the other
29) Corticotropin-releasing hormone during embryonic development
a) Secreted by the placenta, and establishes the timing of birth
b) Secreted by the corpus luteum and produces the FSH
c) Increases secretion of cortisol, and helps produce the surfactant to keep alveoli open after first breath
d) a and c are correct
e) a and d are correct
d) A and C are correct
30) Progesterone is required during pregnancy to:
a) increase the flexibility of the pubic symphysis.
b) ensure relaxation of the uterine myometrium.
c) ejection of milk.
d) help establish the timing of labor and delivery.
b) Ensure relaxation of the uterine myometrium
31) During fetal development which cells give rise to primary oocytes?
a) Spermatogonia
b) Secondary oocytes
c) Oogonia
d) Granulosa cells
c) Oogonia
32) Which of the following occurs when water loss is greater than water gain?
a) Dehydration
b) Evaporation
c) Precipitation
d) Insensible loss
a) Dehydration
33) The major hormone that regulates water loss is
a) ANP
b) Angiotensin II
c) Renin
d) ADH
d) ADH
34) Which of the following is not an example of a positive feedback system?a) Stretching of the receptors in the cervix to produce more contraction during labor
b) Surge the secretion of LH as the levels of estrogen increase in the blood in the preovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle
c) Increase the production of FSH during the preovulatory phase of the menstrual after a decline in the estrogen levels
d) Production of more oxytocin as the baby sucks on mother’s nipple during lactatione
d) Production of more Oxytocin as the baby sucks on mother’s nipple during lactation
35) Which of the following is a function of an electrolyte in the body?
a) Controlling osmosis between compartments
b) Carry electrical currents
c) Serve as cofactors
d) All of these choices
d) All of these choices
36) In extracellular fluid the most abundant cation is
a) Na+
b) Cl-
c) K+
d) HPO42-
a) Na+
37) In extracellular fluid the most abundant anion is:
K+
38) Which type of lipid is a major component of cell membranes?
a) Fatty acids
b) Triglycerides
c) Vitamin D
d) Phospholipids
d) Phospholipids
39) The graph above represents the menstrual cycle. What is the hormone that is labeled with the letter C?
a) LH
b) Estrogen
c) FSH
d) Progesterone
*see graph
40) The graph above represents the menstrual cycle. What is the hormone that is labeled with the letter D?
a) LH
b) Estrogen
c) FSH
d) Progesterone
- see graph
41) The nervous system of the embryo is developed from:
a) The notochord
b) Ectoderm
c) Mesoderm
d) a and b are correct
e) a and c are correct.
b) Ectoderm
42) What part of the brain is considered to be the thirst center?
a) Cerebrum
b) Hypothalamus
c) Midbrain
d) Brain stem
b) Hypothalamus
43) Which protein is the main protein buffer in blood plasma?
a) Albumin
b) Hemoglobin
c) Complement
d) Fibrin
a) Albumin
44) Which of the following correctly traces a sperm from its formation to ejaculation? (Note: not all structures are listed
a) straight tubules, seminiferous tubules, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct
b) straight tubules, epididymis, seminiferous tubules, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct
c) seminiferous tubules, straight tubules, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct
d) seminiferous tubules, epididymis, straight tubules, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct
c) seminiferous tubules, straight tubules, epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct
45) All of the following are true regarding the yolk sac except:
a) develops from epiblast
b) Transfers nutrients to the embryo
c) Forms blood cells
d) produces primordial germ cells
a) develops from the epiblast
46) This term defines the production of the zygote
a) Monogamy
b) Blastomere
c) Polygamy
d) Syngamy
d) Syngamy
47) In Dizygotic (fraternal) twins all is correct except:
a) Two secondary oocytes are released and fertilized by two sperms.
b) They are the same age
c) Genetically similar
d) Genetically dissimilar
d) Genetically dissimilar
48) Which of the following develops from the epiblast of the embryonic disc and carries a protective fluid?
a) fimbrae
b) Yolk sac
c) Amnion
d) Lacunae
c) Amnion
49) In the newborn infant the closure of the ductus arteriosus requires
a) Expulsion of the placenta.
b) functioning of the lungs.
c) decreasing blood oxygen levels at birth.
d) ligation of the umbilical cord
b) Functioning of the lungs
50) Apoptosis and is a normal way to regulate cell numbers during fetal development and within tissues and organs after birth
a) true
b) false
a) True
51) Prolactin
a) Secreted by anterior pituitary gland
b) Promote milk synthesis and secretion
c) Suckling of baby stimulates stretch receptors, initiating nerve impulses from hypothalamus
d) All of the above are correct
d) All of the above are correct
52) During the first two months after fertilization, the viability of the corpus luteum is maintained by the:
a) Trophoblast that secretes hCG
b) Trophoblast that secretes oxytocin
c) Yolk sac that secrets inhibin
d) Yolk sac that produces Nutrients
a) Trophoblast that secretes hCG
53) Many take home pregnancy tests detect the _________________within a woman’s urine
a. Estrogen
b. Progesterone
c. hCG
d. testosterone
c) hCG
54) The Fetal stage starts from the first day till the end of the 8th week of fertilization.
a) True
b) False
b) False
55) The Hormone Inhibin Increases the flexibility of pelvic ligaments and the pubic symphysis and helps dilate cervix for delivery.
a) True
b) False
b) False
56) The Maternal portion of placenta is formed by the chorionic villi of the uterus.
a) True
b) False
a) True
57) Spermatogonia are diploid (2n) and sperms are haploid (1n)
a) True
b) False
a) True
58) oogonia are (n) so is the oocyte after ovulation a)True
b) False
a) True
59) Genes for the same trait that are in different locations on each homologue are called alleles.
a) True
b) False
a) True
60) Ectopic pregnancy refers to the development of an embryo outside the uterine cavity.
a) True
b) False
a) True
