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Carrington Bio26 > Lecture exam 3 actual questions > Flashcards

Lecture exam 3 actual questions Flashcards

1
Q

Oral cavity plays an important role in ___________.
chemical digestion
chemical digestion and mechanical digestion
elimination
mechanical digestion

A

chemical digestion and mechanical digestion

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2
Q 
What are the three types of extrinsic salivary glands?
  parotid, palatine, sublingual 
  parotid, tonsil, submandibular 
  parotid, sublingual, submaxillary 
  parotid, submandibular, sublingual
A

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

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3
Q 
Which of the following helps with digestion of protein in stomach?
  D cells 
  Pepsin 
  Amylase 
  Gastric mucus
A

pepsin

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4
Q 
The process in the alimentary tract which mix by moving chyme forward and backward is known as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  peristalsis 
  rocking 
  none of the following are correct 
  segmentation
A

Segmentation

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5
Q 
Which of the following gastric cell types synthesizes and releases gastrin?
  chief cells 
  mucous neck cells 
  parietal cells 
  enteroendocrine cells
A

Parietal cells

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6
Q 
Chemical digestion occurs in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  the stomach 
  All of the following are true 
  the mouth 
  the small intestine
A

All of the following are true

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7
Q 
Nutritional absorption occurs in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  small and large intestine 
  esophagus and small intestine 
  small intestine and trachea 
  mouth and stomach
A

Small and large intestine

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8
Q

Why does irritation of the lower GI tract stimulate the production of saliva?
The individual becomes hungry.
To prevent halitosis.
The salivary enzymes may fight against the irritant.
The textbook said so.

A

The salivary enzymes may fight against the irritant

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9
Q 
How many permanent teeth are in a full set (including wisdom teeth)?
  31 
  33 
  32 
  34
A

32

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10
Q 
Which of the following inhibit gastric secretions?
  Bolus entering the stomach 
  Stimuli from vagus nerve 
  digested proteins in the stomach 
  Thought of the food
A

Thought of food

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11
Q

Blood traveling into the liver sinusoids comes from the _________ of the portal triad.
hepatic vein
hepatic portal arteriole
hepatic portal venule and hepatic portal arteriole
hepatic portal venule

A

Hepatic portal arteriole and hepatic portal venule

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12
Q

The organs that produce protein digesting enzymes are __________.
stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
salivary glands, stomach, and pancreas
liver, pancreas, and small intestine
stomach, pancreas, and small intestine

A

Stomach, pancreas, and small intestine

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13
Q 
The large intestine secretes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  gastrin 
  water 
  lipase 
  mucus
A

mucus

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14
Q 
Which of the following is not an example of negative feedback?
  Oxytocin synthesis 
  Insulin release 
  Parathyroid release 
  Thyroxin (T4) synthesis
A

Oxytocin synthesis

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15
Q 
Which of the following hormones weaken the immune system when released for 
       prolonged amount of time?
  aldosterone 
  epinephrine 
  cortisol 
  thyroid hormone
A

cortisol

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16
Q 
Milk synthesis is stimulated by\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  thyroxine 
  prolactin 
  growth hormone 
  oxytocin
A

prolactin

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17
Q 
Hyperactivity of osteoclasts and the resulting bone destruction would occur from excessive secretion of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  thyroxine 
  parathyroid hormone 
  calcitonin 
  epinephrine
A

Parathyroid hormone

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18
Q 
Which hormone plays a role in sleep/wake cycles and other body cycles?
  glucagon 
  calcitonin 
  melatonin 
  cortisol
A

melatonin

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19
Q 
Iodine is needed for the formation of which hormone?
  thyroid hormone 
  parathyroid hormone 
  cortisol 
  aldosterone
A

Thyroid hormone

20
Q

What hypophyseal structure receives signals from the hypothalamus via the hypophyseal portal system?
posterior pituitary
anterior pituitary

A

anterior pituitary

21
Q

A tumor in the outer adrenal cortex (zona glomerulosa) may cause hypersecretion of
the hormone in that region. Which of the following might you expect to find in a
patient with such tumor?
increased blood sodium
decreased blood calcium
decreased blood glucose
increased blood calcium

A

Increased blood sodium

22
Q 
Stress causes the adrenal medulla to release \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  norepinephrine & Ach
  epinephrine & Ach
  norepinephrine & epinephrine
  epinephrine & aldosterone
A

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

23
Q 
Intrinsic factor is produced by parietal cells in the stomach. What is the importance of 
      intrinsic factor?
  activate pepsinogen 
  increase absorption of B12 
  lubricate the stomach wall 
  decrease gastric activity
A

Increase absorption of B12

24
Q

As cortisol increases; blood glucose will ___________.
stay the same
increase
decrease

25
Q

Which of the following is not a correct statement about bile salts?
bile salt gets excreted through kidney
aid in fat absorption
get reabsorbed in the ileum
aid in fat digestion by emulsifying

A

bile salt gets excreted through kidney

26
Q 
Look at the following layers of the alimentary canal. Arrange them from the closest to the lumen to the farthest from the lumen. 
1 - serosa
2 – mucosa
3 - muscularis externa
4 - submucosa
  2,4,3,1 
  2,4,1,3 
  2,1,4,3 
  4,3,1,2
27
Q

Which structure thickens in certain regions in the alimentary canal in order to act as
a sphincter?
a unique valve
longitudinal layer of muscularis externa
a mini flap
circular layer of muscularis externa

A

Circular layer of muscular externa

28
Q 
The mixture of food and saliva is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  stuff 
  chyme 
  bolus 
  food mixed with saliva
29
Q 
Intestinal juice is secreted by intestinal glands and is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  limited to little or no enzymes 
  slightly alkaline 
  mostly water and mucus 
  All of the following are true
A

All of the following are true

30
Q 
The parasympathetic nervous system influences digestion by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  stimulating peristalsis 
  constricting smooth muscle 
  constricting sphincters 
  inhibiting segmentation
A

stimulating peristalsis

31
Q 
Which is not a function of the liver?
  storage of glucose 
  detoxification of drugs 
  production of insulin 
  production of bile
A

Production of insulin

32
Q 
What is a function of the gallbladder?
  is attached to the pancreas 
  produces CCK 
  produces bile 
  stores and concentrates bile
A

stores and concentrates bile

33
Q

The function of the hepatic portal circulation is to_______________.
collect absorbed nutrients for metabolic processing or storage
transfer bile to the duodenum
distribute hormone
carry toxins to the venous system

A

Collect absorbed nutrients for metabolic processing for storage

34
Q 
The sheets of peritoneal membrane that hold the digestive tract in place are called 
      \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  mesenteries 
  serosal lining 
  mucosal lining 
  amina propria
A

Mesenteries

35
Q

The absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine is enhanced by increasing the
surface area of the mucosal lining. Which of the following accomplish this task?
brunner’s glands
rugae
digestive enzymes
plicae circulares and intestinal villi

A

Pilae circulates and intestinal villi

36
Q

There are three phases of gastric secretion. The cephalic phase is stimulated
_______.
before food enters the stomach and is triggered by smell, sight, thought
while the food travels into the duodenum
immediately after food enters the stomach

A

Before food enters the stomach and is triggered by sight, smell, thought

37
Q 
You have just eaten a meal high in complex carbohydrates. Which of the following enzymes will help to digest the meal?
  protease 
  trypsin 
  gastrin 
  amylase
38
Q 
Digestion of which of the following would be affected the most if the liver were severely damaged?
  carbohydrates 
  starches 
  lipids 
  proteins
39
Q 
Glycogenolysis is defined as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  production of new glucose 
  break down of glycogen 
  production of glycogen 
  storage of glucose
A

Breakdown of glycogen

40
Q

The ability of a specific tissue or organ to respond to the presence of a hormone is dependent on ______________.
the membrane potential of the cells in the tissue or organ
nothing, all hormones stimulate all tissues or organs
the location of the tissue or organ the body
the presence of the appropriate receptors on the cells of the tissue or organ

A

The presence of the appropriate receptors on the cells of the tissue or organ

41
Q

A man has been told that he is NOT synthesizing enough follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH) and may not be able to father a child. Choose the correct statement to
explain this problem.
FSH is not normally synthesized in males.
The physician is wrong and that a hormone made in the pituitary gland cannot influence fertility.
FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes.
The man must be producing progesterone, which inhibits FSH.

A

FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes

42
Q 
Renin is made by the kidneys and causes \_\_\_\_\_\_ to be released by the adrenal cortex.
  cortisol 
  epinephrine 
  aldosterone 
  androgen
A

aldosterone

43
Q

Which of the following is not a parathyroid gland mechanism to maintain adequate
level of blood calcium?
Increase calcium ion reabsorption by the kidneys
Increase in intestinal absorption of calcium ions
Inhibition of calcitonin synthesis
Activation of osteoclasts

A

Inhibition of calcitonin synthesis

44
Q

Acromegaly and gigantism are the result of the over production of _______________ hormone.

45
Q

Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans produce a hormone called _____________.

46
Q

The anterior lobe of pituitary gland releases __________, which stimulates the release of hormones from the adrenal cortex.

Carrington Bio26 (10 decks)

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