Lecture Exam 2 pt. 2 Flashcards
Lymphatic System
Components of the lymhatic system
lymph
lymphatic capillaries
lymphatic vessels
lymph nodes
lymphatic trunk and ducts
tonsils
thymus
spleen
peyers patches
Where is the lymph found
in the lymphatic vessels because it is a fluid
where are lymphatic capillaries found
most tissues
-not in CNS, bone marrow, or avascular tissues
where are lymphatic vessels found
throughout the body
-carry lymph
where are lymph nodes found
clusters in neck, armpits, groin, and abdomen
where are lymphatic trunks and ducts found
major vessels draining lymph into circulation
where are the tonsil found
in the pharynx
where is the thymus found
behind the sternum
where is the spleen found
upper left abdomen
where are the Peyer’s patches found
small intestine
What are the three functions of the lymphatic system
- fluid balance
-returns excess interstatial fluid to the blood - fat absorption
-lacteals in intestines absorb dietary fat - immunity
-houses lymphocytes for immune response
Pathway of lymph flow
Lymphatic capillaries —–> lymphatic vessels —–> lymph nodes—–> lymphatic trunks —-> lymphatic ducts —–> subclavian vein
Lymphatic capilaries compared to blood capillaries
larger lumen
larger overall
more permeable
absorb excess fluid and proteins
Blood capillaries compared to lymphatic capillaries
smaller lumen
smaller overall
tightly connected
transport nutrients
Similarities between lymphatic vessels, arteries, and veins
thin walls and valves
differences between lymphatic vessels, arteries, and veins
transport lymph not blood
lower pressure
lymph nodes compared to other lymph organs
lymph nodes:
filter lymph
other lymph organs:
have immune functions
do not filter lymph
Locations of lymph node clusters
cervical, axillary, inguinal, abdominal, thoracic
Right lymphatic duct drains _______
right upper body
thoracic duct drains______
left upper body and whole lower body
Thoracic duct is ________
main lymphatic vessel
what vein does the thoracic duct drain into
left subclavian vein
What is the Cisterna Chyli
dilated dac in the lower abdomen
What does the Cisterna Chyli collect lymph from
lower body
characteristics of a node
encapsulated
filters lymph
characteristics of a nodule
unencapsulated
located in mucosal linings
-peyers patches
What are Peyer’s Patches
lymphoid tissue in small intestine
what does the peyers patch protect against
pathogens
What are lacteals
lymphatic capillaries in intestines
what do lacteals do
absorb dietary fat
what are the three sets of tonsils
- palatine tonsils
-on sides of the oropharynx - pharyngral tonsils (adenoids)
-in the nasopharynx - lingual tonsils
- at the base of the tongue
What is tonsillitis
inflammation of the tonsils
what is adenectomy
surgical removal of a gland
what is adenoidectomy
surgical removal of the adenoid (pharyngeal tonsils)
anatomy of tonsil
crypts that trap bacteria
lymphoid follicles
anatomy of a lymph node
cortex
-lymphocytes
-follicless
medulla
afferent and efferent vessels
anatomy of the thymus
lobulated
t-cell maturation
anatomy of the spleen
red pulp
-RBC breakdown
white pulp
-immune response
function of a lymph node
filters lymph
immune activation
Tonsil crypts
deep invaginations trapping pathogens
Functions of the spleen
filters blood
recycles old RBCs
stores platelets
produces immune responses
thymus location
above the heart
structure of thymus
thymic corpuscle
-clusters of epithelial tissues
thymic hormone
-thymosin: aids T-cell development
When is the thymus most important
childhood
-helps develop the immune system
Innate immunity
non specific
present from birth
general defenses
-skin and fever
adaptive immunity
specific
develops over time
targeted responses
-antibodies
first line of defense
skin and mucous membrane
-innate immunity
second line of defense
inflammation
phagocytes
fever
third line of defense
adaptive immunity
t and b cells
lymphocytes
antibodies
innate vs. adaptive immunity
based on whether it is present at birth or developed over time
active vs. passive immunity
