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A And P > Lecture exam #2 > Flashcards

Lecture exam #2 Flashcards

0
Q

Epidermis

A

Stratified squamous epithelium
Avascular
Contains free nerve endings

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1
Q

Skin consists of 2 layers

A

Epidermis and Dermis

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2
Q

Dermis

A

Connective tissue

Contains blood vessels and nerves

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3
Q

Stratum basale = stratum germinattivum

A
  • Deepest layer
  • -Mostly keratinocyte stem cells
  • SINGLE layer of columnar shaped cells

Actively mitotic

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4
Q

Stratum spinosum

second layer from bottom

A

Several layers
Looks prickly
Contains: keratinocytes, dendritic cells, melanin, pre-keratin filaments

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5
Q

Stratum Granulosum (3rd layer from bottom)

A

Mitosis to make cells tough & protective
Granules:: keratohyaline & lamellated

HOLDS DARKER STAIN

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6
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Only thick skin (4th layer up)

2-3 rows of clear, flat, dead keratinocytes

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7
Q

Stratum corneum (top layer )

A

Cells are dead

Protects; physical barrier

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8
Q

2 main cell types in dermis

A

Fibroblasts, macrophages &

sometimes mast cells & WBC

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9
Q

3 sensory structures of dermis

A

Miessner’s corpuscles - light touch
Pacinian corpuscles- deep pressure & vibration

Free nerve endings- respond to pain

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10
Q

4 accessory organs of skin

A
  1. Sweat glands
    a) eccrine b) apocrine both merocrine glands
  2. Sebaceous (oil) glands
  3. nails
  4. Hair
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11
Q

PERICHONDRIUM (dense Ct)

A

Surrounds cartilage
Provides nutrient supply
Provides structural support

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12
Q

Skeletal cartilages

A

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

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13
Q

Growth of cartilage

A

Flexible matrix allows for mitosis

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14
Q

2 types of bone growth

A

Appositional– outward expansion

Interstitial growth– expansion from within

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15
Q

Storage in bones (5)

A 
Minerals (calcium &phosphorus)
Growth factors 
Triglycerides- fat storage 
Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) in marrow cavities 
Hormone production (osteocalcin)
16
Q

Epiphyses

A

Ends of bones

17
Q

Articulate cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage covering joints surface

18
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft- surrounds marrow cavity

19
Q

Medullary cavity

A

Filled with marrow.

Yellow=fat Red = infants

20
Q

Epiphyseal line

A

Remnant of epiphyseal plate- growth plate

21
Q

Periosteum

A

Double layered membrane covering surface of bone

22
Q

Sharpey’s fibers

A

Attach periosteum to bone

23
Q

Endosteum

A

Membrane covers internal surface and bone.

Contain bone building and bone destroying cells

24
Q

Red marrow

A

Hematopoietic tissue

25
Q

Yellow marrow

A

Fat in medullary cavities

A And P (9 decks)

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