Ch 1 Flashcards
What is microscopic anatomy??
Study of structures too small to be seen by the human eye
Levels of structural organization
Atoms, molecule, organelle, smooth muscle cell, smooth muscle tissue, organ level, organ system level, organism level
2 types of microscopic anatomy??
Cytology and histology
What is cytology?
Study of body cells
What is histology?
Study of tissues
What are the three subdivisions of anatomy??
- Gross or macroscopic
- Microscopic
- Developmental
Define gross anatomy?
Study of structures visible to the naked eye
List the 3 parts of gross anatomy:
- regional anatomy
- Systemic anatomy
- Surface anatomy
What is developmental anatomy ?
Structural changes that occur in body throughout life
Name 3 components of a homestatic control mechanism ?
- Receptor
- Control Center
- Effector
What does the receptor do?
- monitors environment
- responds to stimuli
What 3 things is the control center responsible for ?
- determines set point
- receives input from receptor
- determines appropriate response
Name 3 things the effector does in homeostasis control mechanism ??
- receives output from control center
- provides means to respond
- Response acts to reduce or enhance the stimulus ( feedback)
What is positive feedback??
Enhances original stimulus
3 steps of negative feedback
Receptors, control center, effectors
What are the receptors
ex: negative feedback cycle
Temp sensitive cells in skin and brain
Control center ? Neg feedback cycle
Thermoregulatory center in brain
Effectors ( neg feedback)
Sweat glands or skeletal muscle
whatever comes into play to counteract the original stimuli
2 examples of normal positive feedback:
Child birth. Break or tear in blood vessel wall.
Negative feedback definition
Response reduces or shuts off original stimulus
Octet rule
of electrons in outermost shell determines whether it will react with another atom
What is an ion?
Atoms that gain or lose electrons and become charged
Molecule
Two or more atoms bound together
