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Theme 1: Human Anatomy and Physiology > Lecture: Anatomy 5: Introduction to anatomy > Flashcards

Lecture: Anatomy 5: Introduction to anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Supine position?

A

Body is lying facing up

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2
Q

Prone position?

A

Body is lying face down

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3
Q

Anterior (ventral) view?

A

At or near the front of the body.

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4
Q

Posterior (dorsal) view?

A

At or near the back of the body.

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5
Q

Midline?

A

The imaginary line that divides the body into right and left halves

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6
Q

Medial?

A

Nearer to the midline

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7
Q

Lateral?

A

Away from the midline

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8
Q

Frontal (coronal) plane?

A

Divides the body into front and back portions.

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9
Q

Tranverse (horizontal) plane?

A

Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.

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10
Q

Sagittal plane?

A

Divides a structure or the body vertically into right or left portions.

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11
Q

Oblique plane?

A

Passes through a structure or the entire body at an angle.

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12
Q

Proximal?

A

Nearer to the origination of a structure.

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13
Q

Distal?

A

Farther from the origination of a structure.

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14
Q

Superior view?

A

The upper part of a structure

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15
Q

Inferior view?

A

The lower part of a structure

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16
Q

Superficial?

A

Close to the surface of the body

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17
Q

Caudal?

A

Lower spine

18
Q

Cranial?

A

Skull

19
Q

Flexion?

A

Movement in sagittal plane away from the anatomical position; decrease angle.

20
Q

Extension?

A

Movement in sagittal plane towards the anatomical position; increase angle.

21
Q

Abduction?

A

Movement in frontal plane away from the midline.

22
Q

Adduction?

A

Movement in frontal plane towards the midline.

23
Q

Elevation?

A

Movement in a superior direction.

24
Q

Depression?

A

Movement in a inferior direction.

25
Q

Circumduction?

A

Conical movement of a limb extending from the joint at which the movement is controlled.

26
Q

Dorsiflexion?

A

Flexion at the ankle, so that the foot points more superiorly.

27
Q

Plantarflexion?

A

Extension at the ankle, so that the foot points inferiorly.

28
Q

Pectoralis Major

A
  • Origin: Clavicle and sternum
  • Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
  • Function: Adducts and medially rotates humerus
  • Innervation: Lateral and Medial Pectoral nerves
29
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A
  • Origin: 3-5th rib.
  • Insertion: coracoid process of scapula.
  • Function: elevates ribs and moves scapula anteriorly, inferiorly and medially
  • Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve
30
Q

Serratus Anterior

A
  • Origin: 1-8th rib.
  • Insertion: medial border of scapula.
  • Function: Protracts scapula
  • Innervation: Long Thoracic Nerve
31
Q

What are the 3 layers of the intercostal muscles?

A
  1. External Intercostals
  2. Innermost Intercostals
  3. Internal Intercostals
32
Q

How are the intercostal muscles supplied and innervated?

A

Supplied by intercostal artery, vein and nerve which runs in subcostal groove.

33
Q

How are the posterior intercostal muscles supplied?

A

Descending aorta- posterior intercostal arteries

34
Q

How are the anterior intercostal muscles supplied?

A

Subclavian artery- inferior thoracic artery- anterior intercostal arteries

35
Q

Intervertebral joint?

A

Joints between between vertebrae

36
Q

Costovertebral joint?

A

Joint where head of rib attaches to vertebrae

37
Q

Costotransverse joint?

A

Joint where tubercle of rib attaches to transverse process of vertebrae

38
Q

Intercondral joint?

A

Joints within the hyaline cartilage where false ribs attach to true ribs

39
Q

Costochondral joint?

A

Joint where rib ends and costal cartilage starts

40
Q

Sternocostal joint?

A

Joint between costal cartilage and sternum

41
Q

Sternoclavicular joint?

A

Joint where sternum joins clavicle

Theme 1: Human Anatomy and Physiology (20 decks)

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