Lecture: Anatomy 5: Introduction to anatomy

Question 1

Supine position?

Answer 1

Body is lying facing up

Question 2

Prone position?

Answer 2

Body is lying face down

Question 3

Anterior (ventral) view?

Answer 3

At or near the front of the body.

Question 4

Posterior (dorsal) view?

Answer 4

At or near the back of the body.

Question 5

Midline?

Answer 5

The imaginary line that divides the body into right and left halves

Question 6

Medial?

Answer 6

Nearer to the midline

Question 7

Lateral?

Answer 7

Away from the midline

Question 8

Frontal (coronal) plane?

Answer 8

Divides the body into front and back portions.

Question 9

Tranverse (horizontal) plane?

Answer 9

Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.

Question 10

Sagittal plane?

Answer 10

Divides a structure or the body vertically into right or left portions.

Question 11

Oblique plane?

Answer 11

Passes through a structure or the entire body at an angle.

Question 12

Proximal?

Answer 12

Nearer to the origination of a structure.

Question 13

Distal?

Answer 13

Farther from the origination of a structure.

Question 14

Superior view?

Answer 14

The upper part of a structure

Question 15

Inferior view?

Answer 15

The lower part of a structure

Question 16

Superficial?

Answer 16

Close to the surface of the body

Question 17

Caudal?

Answer 17

Lower spine

Question 18

Cranial?

Answer 18

Skull

Question 19

Flexion?

Answer 19

Movement in sagittal plane away from the anatomical position; decrease angle.

Question 20

Extension?

Answer 20

Movement in sagittal plane towards the anatomical position; increase angle.

Question 21

Abduction?

Answer 21

Movement in frontal plane away from the midline.

Question 22

Adduction?

Answer 22

Movement in frontal plane towards the midline.

Question 23

Elevation?

Answer 23

Movement in a superior direction.

Question 24

Depression?

Answer 24

Movement in a inferior direction.

Question 25

Circumduction?

Answer 25

Conical movement of a limb extending from the joint at which the movement is controlled.

Question 26

Dorsiflexion?

Answer 26

Flexion at the ankle, so that the foot points more superiorly.

Question 27

Plantarflexion?

Answer 27

Extension at the ankle, so that the foot points inferiorly.

Question 28

Pectoralis Major

Answer 28

* Origin: Clavicle and sternum * Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus * Function: Adducts and medially rotates humerus * Innervation: Lateral and Medial Pectoral nerves

Question 29

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 29

* Origin: 3-5th rib. * Insertion: coracoid process of scapula. * Function: elevates ribs and moves scapula anteriorly, inferiorly and medially * Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve

Question 30

Serratus Anterior

Answer 30

* Origin: 1-8th rib. * Insertion: medial border of scapula. * Function: Protracts scapula * Innervation: Long Thoracic Nerve

Question 31

What are the 3 layers of the intercostal muscles?

Answer 31

1. External Intercostals 2. Innermost Intercostals 3. Internal Intercostals

Question 32

How are the intercostal muscles supplied and innervated?

Answer 32

Supplied by intercostal artery, vein and nerve which runs in subcostal groove.

Question 33

How are the posterior intercostal muscles supplied?

Answer 33

Descending aorta- posterior intercostal arteries

Question 34

How are the anterior intercostal muscles supplied?

Answer 34

Subclavian artery- inferior thoracic artery- anterior intercostal arteries

Question 35

Intervertebral joint?

Answer 35

Joints between between vertebrae

Question 36

Costovertebral joint?

Answer 36

Joint where head of rib attaches to vertebrae

Question 37

Costotransverse joint?

Answer 37

Joint where tubercle of rib attaches to transverse process of vertebrae

Question 38

Intercondral joint?

Answer 38

Joints within the hyaline cartilage where false ribs attach to true ribs

Question 39

Costochondral joint?

Answer 39

Joint where rib ends and costal cartilage starts

Question 40

Sternocostal joint?

Answer 40

Joint between costal cartilage and sternum

Question 41

Sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 41

Joint where sternum joins clavicle