Lecture 9- Therapeutic Exercise Flashcards
Therapeutic exercise is a systematic, planned performance of bodily movements, postures, or physical activities intended to provide a patient with the means to:
- Remediate or prevent __________
- Improve, restore or enhance ________ function
- Prevent or reduce health-related _________
- Optimize overall _________, fitness or sense of well-being
- impairements
- physical
- risk factors
- health status
Development of a therapeutic exercise program involves the integration and application of knowledge of what subjects?
- anatomy
- physiology
- kinesiology
- pathology
- behavioral sciences
A therapeutic exercise program should be __________ to the unique needs of each patient.
-individualized
What are the aspects of physical function that lead to full function?
- muscle performance
- cardiopulm/ endurance
- mobility/ flexibility
- neuromuscular control/ coordination
- stability
- balance/ postural equilibrium
What does therapeutic exercise include?
- aerobic and endurance conditioning
- flexibility exercises
- neuromotor development training
- relaxation techniques
- muscle performance exercises: strength, power, and endurance exercises
Developing A Therapeutic Exercise Program:
- Identify impairments and functional ________
- Develop ______ to address impairments and functional limitations WITH patients
- Implement appropriate _________ exercises
- Continually assess progress towards goals and progress program appropriately
- limitations
- goals
- therapeutic
Common Musculoskeletal Impairments Managed with Therapeutic Exercise:
- ____
- Muscle _______/ reduced torque production
- Decreased muscular _________
- Limited ____ due to restriction of the ________, restriction of periarticular _______, decreased muscle _______, joint hypermobility, faulty posture, muscle length/ strength imbalances
- pain
- weakness
- ROM
- joint capsule
- CT
- length
Common Integumentary Impairments Managed with Therapeutic Exercise:
-Skin ______mobility
hypo
Common Neuromuscular Impairments Managed with Therapeutic Exercise:
- ____
- Impaired ________
- _________, faulty timing
- Delayed motor development
- Abnormal tone
- Ineffective/inefficient functional movement strategies
- pain
- balance, postural stability or control
- incoordination
Common Cardiovascular/Pulmonary Impairments Managed with Therapeutic Exercise:
- Decreased _________ capacity
- Impaired _________
- Pain with sustained activity
- aerobic
- circulation
What are the components of an effective therapeutic exercise program?
- Safe
- Individualized
- Tailored to patients ______
- Appropriately challenging
- Functional/ ____-specific
- Implement ______-_______ exercises
- Includes patient __________
- Involves progressive __________ and is constantly evolving
- goals
- task-specific
- evidence-based
- education
- overload
Strength vs. Power vs. Endurance Training
Strength Training
-Lowering or controlling ______ loads (resistance) for a relatively ____ number of reps
Power training
- ______ the intensity and _______ the time period taken to generate force=greater muscle power
- ______ of movement is often the element most manipulated
Endurance training
-Contract and lift or lower a ____ load for ____ reps or sustain a muscle contraction for an extended period of time
-heavy/low
- greater, shorter
- speed
-lower, many
What is the overload principle?
To improve muscle performance, a load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of the muscle must be applied.
The overload principle focuses on progressive loading of a muscle by manipulating _________ or _________.
- intensity= strength training
- volume= endurance training
-speed or explosiveness= power training
What is the SAID principle?
Specific adaptation to imposed demands
-muscles adapt over time to the stresses placed on them
Easy saying to remember the SAID (specific adaptation to imposed demands) principle?
“YOU GET WHAT YOU TRAIN FOR”
What is the reversibility principle?
- Adaptive changes due to strength, power, or endurance training are transient.
- To maintain adaptive changes, a maintenance program is essential.
Detraining occurs - weeks after cessation of training.
1-2 weeks, even earlier if on bedrest
Exercise Progression Variables to Consider for ROM?
- PROM→AAROM→AROM
- Gravity eliminated→Against gravity
Exercise Progression Variables to Consider for Strengthening?
Gravity eliminated→Against gravity
Double-leg→Single-leg
No weight →Body-weight→Weighted
Controlled→Open environment
Exercise Progression Variables to Consider for Balance?
Double-leg→Single-leg Wide BOS→Narrow BOS Stable→Unstable surface Static→Dynamic Controlled→Open environment
Either manually, through equipment, or support surfaces we can supply ________ stabilization.
external
Through isometric muscle contraction we can provide ___________ stabilization.
internal
Proximal _______ leads to distal ________.
- stability
- mobility
