Lecture 9 Racialization Flashcards
what is race
A socially defined category of people whose perceived physical markers are deemed significant
what is racialization
Social process and practices whereby “social relations among people are structured by the signification of human biological characteristics in such a way as to define and construct differentiated social collectivites
what is ethnicity
Associated with people’s cultural characteristics, mostly symbolic, such as their customs, beliefs ideas, mores, language, history, folklore, and other symbols that hold the group together and assist others to recognize them as separate
what does the term blue blood mean
Aristrocats saw blue veins as a characteristic of power, and racialized people based on “blue blood”
what is MENA
ethnographic study “the limits of whiteness”
how do racial categories shift over
In the early twentieth century, people of irish, italian, and jewish ancestry were considered non-white. By the 1950s it was no longer considered like that
where does race originate
scientific racism where ideas about biological bases of difference were popularized
what are some examples of early scientific racism
studies suggesting that brain size and skull size were determined by humans’ positions on the social hierarchy
what did the UNESCO do to challenge scientific racism
sponsoring a series of conferences contesting the truth of race
what was the output of UNESCO conferences
statements about what race is and is not, claiming a link between humans’ biology and their culture is non scientific
what was the human genome project
an attempt to trace the human genome beginning in 1987
what were the findings from the human genome project
that humans are far more similar than they are distinct; humans share as much as 99.9% of genetic material
what is the purpose of the Thomas Theorem
can help us understand the persistence of race as a determinant of social status and life chances
what is double consciousness
a split or separation of the self from being both “black” and “american”
what were three ways the Canadian government enacted polices toward indigenous peoples
eliminations, explosion, and assimilation
how did eliminations affect indigenous people
genocide and eugenics
how did expulsion affect indigenous people
removal of population from their land
how did assimilation affect indigenous people
residential schools
what was the implicit white Canada policy
immigration policy to keep Canada white, as desired by government
why were immigrants were recruited to Canada
as sources of labor and to increase the Canadian population
how did Canadian Pacific Railway affect immigration
it vastly increased Chinese male immigrants coming to Canada
how did the completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway affect immigration
racist immigration policies came into effect including the Chinese head tax
what is vertical mosaic
Racism and ethnic stereotypes regulated who was deemed suitable immigrant and influence in once they arrive in Canada
what are three forms of institutional racism
Racist assumptions about the strengths, weaknesses and incapacitated of arbitrarily defined population groups inform social policies, programs, or institutional practices
Ideas about so-called racial inferiority inform the initial development of specific policies but no longer sustain those policies
Policies that appear ethnically or racially neutral intentionally or unintentionally disadvantage racialized minorities
what is democratic racism
a new form of racism expressed via discourses of domination
what is a symbolic interactionism theorists perspective on race
It examines how interactions with others shape our sense of self and provide the basis for learning symbols and their meanings, including the meaning implicit and explicit of language, images, and abstract symbolism
what is a feminist theorist perspective on race
their work is focused on raising awareness around inequalities and advocating for equal rights for women and other marginalized groups, including those of racialized and ethnic minority groups
what is a conflict theorist perspective on race
It highlights how dominant groups benefit more than racialized groups from differentiation, as differentiation often provides advantages to dominant groups
Majority groups seek to dominate minorities because this can provide advantages
