Lecture 9: pediatric opthalmology and strabismus

Question 1

How do you address nasolacrimal duct obstruction?

Answer 1

Surgical clearance of the obstruction

Common, congenital, failure to canalise

Question 2

What can cause an abnormal red light reflex in children?

Answer 2

• Retinoblastoma
• Lens; Congenital Cataract
• Congenital glaucoma
• Uveitis
• Corneal: trauma, metabolic

Question 3

How is a congenital cataract treated?

Answer 3

• Surgically with lense, ideally within 6 weeks

Question 4

What is ROP?

Answer 4

Retinopathy of prematurity

Question 5

How is abusive head trauma found?

Answer 5

• Multiple heamorrhages
• In abscence of external orbital trauma

Question 6

What can maarfans do to lens?

Answer 6

• Lens subluxation

Question 7

How is strabismus defined?

Answer 7

Tropia vs Phoria

Tropia: Present under binocular viewing.

Phoria: Present when eyes dissociate

Exo = outwards
Eso = Inwards
Hypertropia = up
Hypotropia = down

Question 8

What are the causes of amblyopia?

Answer 8

Ambylopia = Poor cortical development

Caused by: Refractive error, Strabismus, Stimulus deprivation