lecture 9 part two - immunodz

Question 1

(Combined Immunodeficiency of Arabian horses)

1. failure to produce what?
2. due to mutation in what?
3. genetics?
4. total WBC level?
5. dx?
6. tx?

Answer 1

1. B and T lymphocytes (no humoral or cell mediated at all!)
2. DNA-dependent protein kinase (lymphoid stem cells don’t differentiate)
3. autosomal recessive (25% are carriers)
4. low, normal, or high (depends on whether or not 2° is present)
5. DNA test
6. none! don’t breed two carriers!

Question 2

(selective IgM deficiency of horses)

1. humoral immunodeficiency characterized by what?

(three age ranges)

(foals 5-10 months)

2. most or least common?
3. primary genetic basis suspected in what breeds?

(young horses between 1-2 years)

(adult horses 2-5 yrs)

4. usually go on to develop what?
5. meaning what?

Answer 2

1. decreased or absent IgM

(other classes normal or ^)

2. most
3. arabians and quarter horses
4. lymphosarcoma
5. immunodeficiency is probably 2°

Question 3

(selective IgM deficiency of horses - cont)

1. path?
2. dx?
3. tx?

Answer 3

1. unknown (probably not same mech in the three types)
2. IgM persistently low (others are normal/high)
3. none (abx, supportive, plasma helps short term)

Question 4

(Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of horses)

1. rare humoral immunodeficiency characterized by what?

foals don’t start synth of Ig until when? why?

2. mostly what breed?
3. dx?
4. main diff dx?
5. tx?

Answer 4

1. delayed onset of immunoglobulin synthesis

3 mo (don’t know)

2. Arabians
3. Demonstration of low serum IgG, IgM, and IgA by RID at 2-4 mo

(Lymphocyte counts and cell-mediated immune responses are normal)

4. primary agammaglobulinemia (no B cells ever)
5. plasma until Ig prod kicks in

Question 5

(equine agammaglobulinemia)

1. primary immunodeficiency characterized by what?
2. what horses get?

Answer 5

1. absence of B cells and Ig

(t cells normal)

2. male foals only

Question 6

(common variable immunodeficiency of horses)

not actually common

1. occur in young or adult?
2. causes what?
3. tx?

Answer 6

1. adult
2. progressive B-lymphocyte depletion and hypo- or agammaglobulinemia
3. Ig replacement and abx

Question 7

(bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency)

1. genetics?
2. what breed?
3. affects innate or humoral?
4. caused by point mutation in CD18 - a subunit of what?
5. how are neutros affected?
6. dx?
7. tx?

Answer 7

1. autosomal recessive (hetero are cx normal)
2. holstein
3. innate
4. beta-2 integrins (play role in leukocyte adhesion)
5. can’t go into tissues

(see LOTS of neutros)

6. genetic testing
7. abx work short term (prog grave)