Lecture 9: Nasal Cavity and Pterygopalatine Fossa

Question 1

What structures compose the bony part of external nose?

Answer 1

• Nasal Bones
• Frontal Part of Maxilla
• Nasal Part of frontal bone and nasal spine
• Bony part of nasal septum

Question 2

What structures compose the Cartilaginous part of the nose?

Answer 2

• 2 lateral cartilages
• 2 alar cartilages (major and minor)
• Septal Cartilage (nasal septum)

Question 3

What structures make up nasal septum?

Answer 3

• Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
• Vomer
• Septal Cartilage
• Nasal Crests of Maxillary and Palantine Bones

Question 4

Which conchae are part of the ethmoid bone and which one is independent?

Answer 4

Ethmoid Bone: Superior and middle nasal conchae

Independent: Inferior nasal concha

Question 5

What is the nasal mucosa connected to?

Answer 5

• Periostium of the bony parts of the nasal cavity
• Perichondrium of cartilagenous nasal components

Question 6

What is the area called that is lined with mucosa?

Answer 6

• Inferior ⅔ of nose: Respiratory Area
• Superior ⅓ of nose: Olfactory Area

Question 7

What are the boundaries of the nasal cavity?

Answer 7

• Roof: Frontal, Ethmoid, and Sphenoid Bone
• Floor: Palantine Process of Maxilla and Horizontal plate of palantine bone
• Medial Wall: Nasal Septum
• Lateral Wall: Superior, Middle, and Inferior Nasal Conchae

Question 8

What are the four nasal cavity passages?

Answer 8

• Spheno-ethmoidal Recess
• Superior Nasal Meatus
• Middle Nasal Meatus
• Inferior Nasal Meatus

Question 9

What does the Spheno-ethmoidal Recess open into?

Answer 9

Sphenoid Sinus

Question 10

What does the Superior Nasal Meatus open into?

Answer 10

Ethmoidal Sinuses

Question 11

What does the Middle Nasal Meatus open into?

Answer 11

Frontal and Maxillay Sinus

Question 12

What does Inferior Nasal Meatus the open into?

Answer 12

Nasolacrimal Duct

Question 13

What arteries supply the nasal cavity?

Answer 13

• Maxillary Artery
  
  • Sphenopalatine Artery
  • Greater Palantine Artery
• Facial Artery
  
  • Superior Labial Artery
  • Lateral Nasal Branches
• Ophthalmic Arteries
  
  • Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal Arteries

Question 14

What is Kiesselbach’s Area?

Answer 14

Capillary bed anastamosis between Maxillary A. and Facial A. branches in the nasal septum

Can cause epistaxis (nosebleeds)

Question 15

What veins drain the nasal cavity?

Answer 15

• Sphenopalatine Vein
• Facial Vein
• Ophthalmic Vein

Question 16

Maxillary Sinus

What does it drain?

What is the arterial supply?

What is the innervation?

Answer 16

• Drains: Maxillary ostium into middle meatus
• Blood Supply: Superior Alveolar Branches (Maxillary A.) and Greater Palatine Artery
• Innervation: Superior Alveolar Nerve

Question 17

Ethmoid Sinus

What does it drain?

What is the arterial supply?

What is the innervation?

Answer 17

• Drains: Ethmoid air cells located between orbits
• Blood Supply: Ethmoidal Artery from Ophthalmic Artery
  
  • From ECA
• Innervation: Nasociliary Nerves (CN V1)

Question 18

Sphenoid Sinus

What does it drain?

What is the arterial supply?

What is the innervation?

Answer 18

• Drains: Spheno-ethmoidal recess
• Blood Supply: Posterior Ethmoidal Artery
• Innervation: Posterior Ethmoidal Nerve

Question 19

Frontal Sinus

What does it drain?

What is the arterial supply?

What is the innervation?

Answer 19

• Drains: Frontonasal Duct into middle meatus
• Blood Supply: Supraorbital Artery and Anterior Ethmoidal Artery
• Innervation: Supraorbital Nerve (CN V1)

Question 21

What nervous fibers arise from the superior cervical ganglion?

Answer 21

Postsynaptic sympathetics