Lecture 9- Mutations Flashcards

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1
Q

Phenotypic Consequences of Mutations:

a. Quantitative (___ elements): cut and pasted into a __, will have a __ effect
b. Qualitative: Ex. Homeotic Mutation: Switch in development from one path to another
c. Pleiotropy: a single __ affects multiple __

A

a. Transposable, gene, phenotypic

c. mutation, traits

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2
Q

Evolutionary Consequences of Mutations:

a. Most mutations are ___ and DO not affect survival or __
c. However, Average effect is ___ (has a negative effect on __)
d. Lower __ is associated with more mutations

A

a. neutral
b. reproduction
c. deleterious (fitness)
d. fitness

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3
Q

Fitness: The __ of a living entity in leaving descendants to the next __

A

success, generation

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4
Q

Mutations are ___!

a. Are stochastic not ___; can predict the __ of a mutation but NOT which locus will __ a mutation

A

Random

a. deterministic, probability undergo

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5
Q

Some areas of the genome and some DNA __ are at higher __ for acquiring a ___ (Mutational ___)
EX. Two thymines in a row, when exposed to UV radiation, are capable of covalently bonding together

A

sequences, risk, mutation (Mutational hotspots)

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6
Q

Environmental conditions can __ mutations and influence the __ of mutations, but NOT a bias for ___ mutations

A

induce, rate, advantageous mutations

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7
Q

Mutations are random and NOT ___

A

directed

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