Lecture 9 - Leg

Question 1

What are the compartments of the leg and what is the innervation and blood supply for each?

R9 S3

Answer 1

Anterior:

• deep peroneal (fibular) nerve
• anterior tibial artery

Lateral:

• superfical peroneal (fibular) nerve
• no major artery in compartment
• supplied by peroneal (fibular) artery (deep posterior compartment)

Superficial posterior:

• tibial nerve (in deep posterior compartment)
• posterior tibial artery and peroneal (fibular) artery (both in deep posterior compartment)

Deep posterior :

• tibial nerve
• posterior tibial artery and peroneal (fibular) artery

Question 2

What is the fabella and where is it located?

R9 S5

Answer 2

Potential sesamoid bone that can be found in the lateral head of the gastrocnemius

Question 3

What are the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment?

R9 S6

Answer 3

• plantaris
• gastrocnemius
• soleus

Question 4

What are the muscles of the deep posterior compartment?

R9 S7

Answer 4

• popliteus
• tibialis posterior
• flexor digitorum longus
• flexor hallucis longus

Question 5

What are key features of the tibia?

R9 S9

Answer 5

• most commonly fractured long bone
• poorly vascularized
• bare anteromedial surface (bone grafts)

Question 6

What is the crural fascia?

R9 S10

Answer 6

Deep fascia of the leg.

It’s continuous with the fascia latae and forms the retinacula of the foot.

Question 7

What is the cutaneous innervation of the posterior leg?

R9 S11

Answer 7

Lateral sural cutaneous nerve (from fibular nerve)

Medial sural cutaneous nerve (from tibial nerve)

Question 8

What structure does the sural nerve run with?

R9 S11

Answer 8

Lesser saphenous vein

Question 9

What is the muscle responsible for push-off for walking, jumping, and running and its tendon passes through two sesamoid bones?

R9 S12

Answer 9

Flexor hallicus longus

Question 10

The tendon of which muscle supports the medial longitudinal arch?

R9 S13

Answer 10

Tibialis posterior

Question 11

Paralysis of which muscle results in foot drop?

R9 S15

Answer 11

Tibialis anterior

Question 12

What is the common name of muscles located in the lateral compartment and what muscle that has this name is not located in that compartment?

R9 S16

Answer 12

Peroneus/fibularis is the shared name

The peroneus (fibularis) tertius is located in the anterior compartment

Question 13

The tendon of which muscle crosses the sole of the foot and helps to maintain the transverse and longitudinal (medial and lateral arches of the foot?

RL9 S18

Answer 13

Peroneus (fibularis) longus