Lecture 15 - Scalp and Meninges

Question 1

What are the layer of the scalp?

RL15 S74

Answer 1

SCALP

• skin
• connective tissue
• aponeurosis (frontalis/occipitalis)
• loose areolar tissue
• pericranium

Question 2

What are the arteries that vascularize the skull and what are their branches?

RL15 S76

Answer 2

External carotid:

• occipital
• posterior auricular
• superficial temporal

Internal carotid:

• supratrochlear
• supraorbital

Question 3

What are the arteries that supply the brain and what arteries form the Circle of Willis?

RL15 S77

Answer 3

Blood supply:

• internal carotid arteries
• vertebral arteries

Components:

• anterior cerebral arteries
• anterior communicating artery
• internal caroid/middle cerebral arteries
• posterior cerebral arteries
• posterior communicating artery

Question 4

What are the reflections of the dura mater?

RL15 S80

Answer 4

Falx cerebri:
-dural fold between the two hemispheres

Tentorium cerebelli:
-dural fold between occipital lobe and cerebellum

Falx cerebelli:
-dural fold between cerebellar hemispheres

Diaphragma sellae:
-dural fold over the hypophyseal fossa

Question 5

What are the different dural sinuses?

RL15 S81

Answer 5

Inferior sagittal sinus:

• on inferior margin of falx cerebri
• terminates in straight sinus

Straight sinus:

• formed by intersection of inferior sagittal sinus and cerebral vein
• terminates in confluence of sinuses

Superior sagittal sinus:

• on superior margin of falx cerebri
• terminates in confluence of sinuses

Transverse sinus:

• along borders of tentorium cerbelli
• begins at confluence of sinuse and ends in sigmoid sinus

Sigmoid sinus:

• continuation of transverse sinus
• becomes internal jugular vein