Lecture 9: Ethics, Legal Institutions, and the canadian healthcare system Flashcards
What are ethics?
- not specific rules you have to follow
- a set of morals that govern ones course of action
What are moral principles
standards that establish whats right
2 theories about ethics
- deontology
- consequentialism
Where are ethics developed/based from
ones cultural and environmental background
Who provides MRTs codes of ethics
CMRITO and CAMRT
5 things on CAMRT code of ethics
- Patient-centered care
- Maintaining competence
- Evidence-based and reflective practice
- Providing a safe environment
- Acting with professional integrity
CMRITO code of ethics
Responsibility to the Public
Responsibility to Patients
Responsibility to the Profession
Responsibility to Colleagues and other Health Professionals
Personal Responsibility
(keep in mind all the people youre around)
How were the standards of practice designed
with the code of ethics in mind
Hipppocratic Oath
guides physicians to heal others and avoid causing any injury and keep information confidential
Define Bioethics
Ethical issues arising from advances in medical procedures and technologies
ie
Medical assistance in dying
abortion
cloning
how do you decipher bioethical issues
use your own values and judgements
What are some ethical issues in the radiology department
- Are exams necessary?
- Adopting new protocols
- Differences in treatment of patients based on age
- Do not resuscitate orders
- Confidentiality
Define Laws
- rules of conduct created by a group of legislators
- a way to enforce common moral standards amongst the population
Legal Institutions in Canada
- Criminal Court
- Civil Court
- Coroners Court
- Disciplinary Boards
Criminal Court
Federal jurisdiction
For acts that violate the Criminal Code of Canada
May or may not involve a jury
Convictions require evidence proving crime beyond reasonable doubt
Victim is a witness not going to be compensated for anything
Civil Court
For cases that involve disputes between private parties
May or may not involve a jury
Both parties provide evidence to support their arguments
Less proof is required for conviction (dont have to be 100% sure)
Victim is compensated
Define Tort Law
a form of civil law
deals with wrongful acts that lead to damages to another person, for which another person can be held responsible
can be intentional or unintentional
Intentional torts as an MRT
Assault
Battery
Immobilizing patients against their will
Causing extreme distress through improper conduct
Violating confidentiality
Fraud
Unintentional Torts
Negligence: failure to exercise appropriate care
Negligence requires that the following are not met:
- duty of care
- standard of care
- causation/remoteness (have to be reasonably linked)
- quantifiable damages
Malpractice as an MRT
Improper handling of equipment during procedures
Leaving a patient alone
Not taking actions to prevent the patient falling
Failure to report abuse
Coroners Court Definition
Coroner: a medical doctor specializing in death investigation
Investigate unexplained or suspicious deaths
Inquest: a public hearing on the circumstances of a death
Witnesses are examined
Family, coworkers, healthcare workers and records, police
Features a five-person jury in Ontario
Coroner and jury may make recommendations after delivering verdict
no one is on trial but can lead to criminal or civil cases
often used to create reccomendations to improve public safety
5 questions that must be answered in coroners court
Who
When
Where
How
By what means
Disciplinary Boards
- Investigations are made into complaints against health professions
- Hearings may be required if an allegation is made
- Panel of 3-5 members of the Committee
- May be an open or closed hearing
- Evidence and witnesses are heard
- Board makes findings about conduct of the accused
Rule of Law in Canada
decisions aer based on precendents from previous cases
- lawers bring forth past cases
- not in quebec
