Lecture 7: Stress, Loss & Grieving Flashcards
Define Health
a condition of feeling mentally and physically sound
What is the health illness continuum
from high level wellness to death
- everyones health fluctuates and is never stagnant
What are the basic needs
- requirements for being healthy
- physiologic needs
- safety & security
- belongingness and affection
- esteem and self respect
- self-actualization
- Maslows hierarchy of needs
What is self concept
how the patient feels about and would describe themselves
made up of:
- body image
-self esteem
- role
- identity
illness can change or damage a persons self concept
- self concept can affect illness (lack of self care)
Body image
- usually measured against what society deems ideal and acceptable
- injury and illness can change body image
- adjustments can be difficult for adolescents and the elderly
Self esteem
How one evaluates onesself based on feedback
-praise and approval= high esteem
- over criticism=low esteem
how you treat patients can affect their esteem
What is role
the part you play in the world
- we help by taking images to allow diagnosis
- how you perform the role affects self-concept
What is identity
the way you see yourself
- challenges to identity can cause dissonance (messes with their head)
- gender identity is super important (athlete with ending injury)
Health and Self concept are
interdependent
- poor health affects self concept and vice versa
Define Stress
Pressure or weight placed upon ones self that causes physical or mental strain
- impacts all areas of your life
Stress symptoms
Physical: headaches, body aches, fatigue, nausea
Emotional: anxiety, irratibility, sadness, numbness
Cognitive: decreased ability in memory, concentration, desicion-making
Behavioural: increased alcohol/substance abuse
Common signs of stress
- trembling hands
- upset stomach
- tight shoulders
- etc
Common Stressors
- percieved demand or threat
- stressor can be real or percieved
- individuals will have different responses to different stressors
Common stressors in healthcare
- heavy workloads
- high expectations
- starting a new job
- budget concerns
- personal life issues
How can stressors affect us
Burnout
Can cause feelings of
- decreased accomplishment
- helplessness
- poor self concept
- compassion fatigue
Define burnout
exhaustion of physical or emotional strength or motivation usually as a result of prolonged stress or frustration
How does stress affect healthcare workers
- give less effective care to patients
- feel rushed
- not be 100% focused on tasks
- will not communicate in a therapeutic manner
Constructive vs Destructive ways to cope with stress
- adequate nutrition vs over eating/binge eating
- adequate vs lack of sleep
- exercise vs substance abuse
Threat response vs Challenge response
individuals evaluate the demands of the situation in relation to their personal resources to cope witih such demands
Challenge State
percieved resources match or outweigh demands
Threat state
Demands are larger than resources
What is environmentally coping
comfortable surroundings may help you think calmly
Environmental Factors:
- visual
- auditory
- sensory
go to your “happy place”
Procrastination/Stress loop
- Stress
- Lack of motivation
- Procrastination
- Fear of approaching deadline
Time management factors
- prioritize tasks
- allocate time for basic tasks
- allocate down-time
- stick to a schedule
Define grief
Emotional suffering caused by a loss
What kind of loss can people suffer
- loved one
- body part
Attitudes about loss
- vary patient to patient
- some patient will exhibit anticipatory grieving (grieving something that hasnt happened yet)
Common patient fears
- fear of dying or being abandoned in hospital
- fear of the future of their family
- fear of pain or death from medical procedures
- losing control of their life (needing a caretaker)
- fear of the unknown
5 stages of grief
- Denial
- Anger
- Bargaining
- Depression
- Acceptance
What are some inhibitions to grieving
Attitudes:
- trying to hard to be strong
- in a rush to get through grieving
Behaviours:
- poor nutrition
- lack of sleep
- self-medication
How to help with grief
- listen to them
- offer assistance when needed
- be aware of compassion fatigue
How to communicate with terminally ill patients
- avoid false reassurance
- validate their feelings
Euthanasia
- the practice of killing or permitting the death of a sick or injured person in a painless way
- not your place as an MRT to judge
Euthanasia in canada
Medical Aid in Dying
- fairly strict
- need to be 18
- eligble for health services in canada
- have terminal medical condition
Proccess of MAID
-2 physicians must sign off
-1 witness that it was free of coercion
-explicit consent given in the moment
What is an advanced directive
legal documents for healthcare when patient is no longer able to make decisions
- DNR / “no code”
Common Definition of Death
no heartbeat, no breathing
Define Coma
specific parts of the brain have been damaged, but others that control breathing and circulation remain undamaged
May or may not recover
