lecture 9 and 10 parallel processing

Question 1

right visual fields trace back to the ___ LGN
left visual fields trace back to the ____ LGN

a) left, right
b) right, left
c) left, left
d) right, right

Answer 1

a) left, right

Question 2

only the ____ optic nerve pathways cross at the optic chiasm. if there is a lesion at the optic chiasm (such as a pituitary tumor) this causes a loss of vision in the ____ left and right visual fields.

a) temporal, nasal
b) nasal, temporal
c) temporal, temporal
d) nasal, nasal

Answer 2

b) nasal, temporal (when both temporal fields are lost, this is called a bitemporal hemanopsia)

Question 3

a lesion between the right eye and optic chiasm would result which kind of vision deficit?

Answer 3

no vision in right eye

Question 4

a lesion between the optic chiasm and the right LGN would result which kind of vision deficit?

Answer 4

a loss in the left visual fields in each eye

Question 5

a lesion after the right LGN and myers loop would result which kind of vision deficit?

Answer 5

loss in superior left visual fields

Question 6

a lesion between the right LGN and optic radiation would result which kind of vision deficit?

Answer 6

loss of inferior left visual fields

Question 7

a lesion between the optic radiation and occipital poles would result which kind of vision deficit?

Answer 7

loss in superior and inferior left vision with macula spared (aka notched hemifield)

Question 8

3-D imaging is where parallel processing _____

Answer 8

dies, both sides come together and communicate

Question 9

between magno, parvo, and konio, which is the only one considered to bebistratified?

Answer 9

konio (the others are monostratified)

Question 10

which is larger, magno or parvo?

Answer 10

magno

Question 11

what are the layers of the LGN that are specified for the magno, parvo, and konio

Answer 11

magno=layers 1 and 2 (one from each eye), parvo is 3-6 (2 from one eye and 2 from the other , and konio is inbetween each one.

Question 12

LGN layers 1,4,6 contain info from the _____ eye and layers 2,3,5 contain info from the ______ eye

a) ipsilateral, contralateral
b) contralateral, ipsilateral

Answer 12

b) contralateral, ipsilateral (how i remembered: 2+3=5 therefore they are the same, hence ipsilateral)

Question 13

parvo is:

a) weak color opponency, transient, has V1 cortical projection into 4Ca , Y-cell
b) weak color opponency, sustained, has V1 cortical projection into 4Cb, X-cell
c) color opposing, transient, has V1 cortical projection
into 4Ca, Y-cell
d) color opposing, sustained, has V1 cortical projection into 4Cb, X-cell

Answer 13

d) color opposing, sustained, has V1 cortical projection into 4Cb, X-cell

Question 14

magno is:

a) weak color opponency, transient, has V1 cortical projection into 4Ca, Y-cell
b) weak color opponency, sustained, has V1 cortical projection into 4Cb, X-cell
c) color opposing, transient, has V1 cortical projection
into 4Ca, Y-cell
d) color opposing, sustained, has V1 cortical projection into 4Cb, X-cell

Answer 14

a) weak color opponency, transient, has V1 cortical projection into 4Ca, Y-cell

Question 15

Jerome Lettvin conducted experiments on frogs which was the data needed to prove what?

Answer 15

parallel processing

Question 16

Jerome Lettvin conducted experiments on frogs and discovered which 4 detectors? what are those 4 detectors for?

Answer 16

1) contrast-presence of sharp boundary
2) convexity-(bug detector) detects curved moving objects. memory is lost if shadow obscures it.
3) movement- allows frog to jump onto a lillypad
4) dimming- allows frog to jump over a hole

Question 17

in the parvo pathway, there is a ______ for ___ cell frequency

Answer 17

null point, X

Question 18

in the magno pathway, there is a _____ for ___ cell frequency

Answer 18

doubling, Y

Question 19

True or false: parvo refers to cones and magno refers to rods

Answer 19

true

Question 20

what key feature of a ganglion cell would help you determine if it were direction selective?

Answer 20

asymmetry (its preferred response direction is from cell body outward towards periphery) for example, a top heavy GC would respond from bottom traveling upward throughout dendritic span.