lecture 8 amacrine and ganglion cells Flashcards
Name the 3 cells that have a center and surround in their receptive fields
bipolar, amacrine, and ganglion
what makes amacrine and ganglion cells unique?
they can fire action potentials
when do ganglion cells fire action potentials?
they are firing AP’s all the time
when do amacrine cells fire action potentials?
they only fire AP’s when there is a stimulus input
true or false: melanopsin containing ganglion cells play a role in the diurnal rythym of your body
true
2 most common types of Ganglion cells are the P cells and M cells. P cells= ______, equivalent to _____, ____% of retinal GC’s, ______, ______,
A) parasol, beta cells in non-humans, 90%, parvocellular, bistratified
B ) parasol, alpha cells in non-humans, 5%, magnocellular, monostratified
C) midget, beta cells in non-humans, 90%, parvocellular, monostratified
D) midget, alpha cells in non-humans, 5%, magnocellular, bistratified
C) midget, beta cells in non-humans, 90%, parvocellular, monostratified
2 most common types of Ganglion cells are the P cells and M cells. M cells= ______, equivalent to _____, ____% of retinal GC’s, ______, ______,
A) parasol, beta cells in on-humans, 90%, parvocellular, bistratified
B) parasol, alpha cells in non-humans, 5%, magnocellular, monostratified
C) midget, alpha cells in non-humans, 5%, magnocellular, monostratified
D) midget, beta cells in non-humans, 90%, parvocellular, bistratified
B) parasol, alpha cells in non-humans, 5%, magnocellular, monostratified
all rods have which type of bipolar cell?
on type bipolar cells, but cones can have on or off.
true or false: many more rods, bipolar cells, and amacrine cells converge on a single alpha ganglion cells as opposed to a beta ganglion cell
true
true or false: the receptive field outside the fovea is larger than inside the fovea
true, there is closer to a one to one ratio of cone to ganglion in the fovea, where as outside the fovea we can have 20-100 cones converging on a single ganglion. also, the rod receptive field is only outside of the fovea and can have 21k-75k rods converging onto one ganglion cell.
cones mostly converge onto a _____ ganglion cell
a) alpha
b) beta
beta, whereas rods converge on both alpha and beta (this is the major difference in the circuitry of cones vs. rods)
one of the main differences in the circuitry of rods and cones is that rod converge includes synapsing with ____ and cone convergence does not.
amacrine cells.
- cones>cone BP>beta GC
- rods>rod BP>amacrine cells> alpha or beta GC
center surround antagonism is also known as
lateral inhibition
what causes this optical illusion: looking at 2 same colored squares in front of light vs. dark backgrounds and perceiving the 2 squares as different colors?
lateral inhibition
