Lecture 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Performance tests assumptions:

A

All ATP at maximal power output regenerates via ATP-PCr hydrolysis
Enough STP and PCr exists to support maximal performance for ~ 6 seconds*

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2
Q

Power test measures…

A

Brief, maximal E capacity

P = F x D / T

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3
Q

Anaerobic system changes with training:

A

Increases in resting muscle levels of ATP, PCr, free creatine , Glycogen, glycolytic enzymes
Resulting in increase capacity to generate blood lactate

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4
Q

Creatine (Cr)

A

Nitrogenous organic acid that occurs naturally in vertebrates and helps to supply energy to muscle

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5
Q

~50% of stored Cr originates from…

A

food (mainly fresh meat)

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6
Q

~50% of the daily Cr is biosynthesized…

A

from amino acids. The rest is taken in by alimentary sources

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7
Q

~95% of Cr is later stored…

A

in the skeletal muscles

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8
Q

Phosphocreatine (PCr)

A

Aka creatine phosphate

Phosphorylated creatine molecule that is an important energy store in skeletal muscle and in the brain

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9
Q

PCr formed from…

A

Parts of 3 amino acids – Arg, Gly, Met

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10
Q

PCr is synthesize in…

A

The liver

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11
Q

PCr is transported to…

A

Muscle cells, via the bloodstream, for storage

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12
Q

Theoretical premise behind Cr supplementation

A

1 increase intramuscular stores of Cr may maintain high cellular ATP/ADP rations
2 PCr acts to buffer accumulating protons (H+), which may enable to continuation of maximal exertion
3 Cr may facilitate energy translocation from the mitochrondra to the various sites of ATP utlisation by a process termed the PCr energy shuttle

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13
Q

Cr supplementation & ex performance:

A

Benefit repeated, short bouts of high-intensity ex
Men/women/young/old
Training status may impact Cr uptake
Effects of chronic supplementation unknown
Side effect: retain fluid – increase body mass

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14
Q

In interval sessions of 10s work, 25s is…

A

The minimal time of recovery at which no blood lactate accumulates with multiple efforts

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15
Q

PCr largely depleted in…

A
  • 10s of maximal ex (50%) drop off
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16
Q

PCr recovery

A

5-6 s maximal effort PCr degradation accounts

PCr contribution to repeated sprints depends on whether the PCr stores are given the time to replenish

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17
Q

PCr replenishment depends on…

A

O2 availability

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18
Q

Intervals should be separated by …

A

4 min recovery to allow PCr restore so each rep at max power

19
Q

physiologic adaptations to RT – muscle fibre number

20
Q

muscle fibre size

21
Q

muscle fibre type

22
Q

muscle fibre strength

23
Q

capillary density in body builders

24
Q

capillary density in power lifters

25
mitochrondria volume
increase
26
mitochondria density
decrease
27
twitch contraction time
decrease
28
creating PFK
increase
29
Myokinase
increase
30
PFK
increase
31
LDH
no change
32
ATP
increase
33
Phosphcreatine
increase
34
glycogen
increase
35
triglyceride
unknown
36
Vo2max w/ circuit training
Increase
37
Vo2 max w/ heavy resistance
No change
38
Ligament strength
Increase
39
Tendon strength
increase
40
% body fat
decrease
41
lean body mass
increase
42
bone mineral content
increase
43
bone CSA
no change