Lecture 9 Flashcards
What are the three layers of human skin, and their functions?
The three layers are the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat. They protect the body, regulate temperature and blood pressure, and mediate sensations.
How can drug delivery be achieved through the skin?
By manipulating the skin’s barrier function, targeting specific skin regions or using transdermal therapy systems
What are the common topical dosage forms and What are some patient preferences for topical dosage forms?
Liquids, gels, powders, ointments, creams,
Patients generally prefer creams to ointments.
What are gels, and what are they made of?
Gels are semi-solid systems with a continuous structure, often made with natural or synthetic polymers.
What are powders used for in topical applications?
Powders are used for drying, protecting, and lubricating the skin
What are ointments, and what are they used for?
Ointments are homogenous, viscous, semi-solid oil-based preparations used for emollient and therapeutic purposes
What are the two types of creams?
Oil-in-water (O/W) creams, which are less greasy and easier to wash off, and water-in-oil (W/O) creams, which are more moisturizing.
What are aerosols used for in topical applications?
Aerosols are products packaged under pressure that release APIs upon valve activation, used for topical and local applications.
How have wound dressings evolved?
Wound dressings have evolved from traditional fabrics to advanced materials designed to create an optimal healing environment.
What are the stages of wound healing? What factors affect wound healing?
The stages are hemostasis/inflammation, migration/proliferation, and maturation/remodelling.
Nutrition, age, disease, compromised circulation affect healing
What are hydrocolloids used for?
Hydrocolloids provide a moist healing environment and are widely used in wound management
