Lecture 9

Question 1

three specific bacteria that are etiologic agents for periodontitis

Answer 1

aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
prophyromonas gingivalis
tannerella forsythia

Question 2

local contributing factors

Answer 2

oral conditions or habits which may increase the individual susceptibility to periodontal infection

Question 3

a local factor can

Answer 3

increase plaque biofilm retention
increase plaque biofilm pathogenicity
can cause direct damage to the periodontium

Question 4

calculus serves as a

Answer 4

reservoir for bacterial plaque allowing it to grow uninhibited for an extended period of time

Question 5

smokers are ____ times more at risk for periodontal disease

Answer 5

2-3 times

Question 6

oral conditions associated with smoking

Answer 6

halitosis
xerostomia
dental staining
periodontal disease
cancer

Question 7

why do smokers have more periodontal disease than nonsmokers

Answer 7

impact on the oral microbial biofilms
impact on the immune system
impact on bone metabolism

Question 8

effects of smoking on periodontal therapy

Answer 8

chemical products and toxins in tobacco smoke affect healing resulting in a poorer response to all aspects of periodontal therapy
surgical procedures need to be monitored based on smoking/status

Question 9

well-controlled diabetes

Answer 9

no higher incidence of periodontal disease
response to NSPT is the same as those of non-diabetic patients

Question 10

undiagnosed/poorly controlled diabetes

Answer 10

3 times more likely to develop periodontitis
increase risk of severe periodontitis/perio attachment loss
poorer response to NSPT
rapid recurrence of deep pockets
less favorable long-term response
increased risk of periodontal abscesses

Question 11

effects of increased blood glucose levels

Answer 11

increased glucose in the GCF and blood, may alter bacterial composition within the biofilm and influence the development of periodontal disease
suppresses the host’s immune response

Question 12

periodontal diseases strongly associated with HIV infection

Answer 12

necrotizing periodontal diseases
linear gingival erythema

Question 13

systemic risk factor HIV

Answer 13

at increased risk for infections and certain cancers due to compromised immune systems

Question 14

linear gingival erythema

Answer 14

generally, does not respond to conventional self-care and periodontal therapy
importance of careful self-care at home and frequent professional care visits should be emphasized

Question 15

pubertal gingivitis caused by

Answer 15

increased levels of sex hormones
cause increased blood circulation to the gingival tissues
may cause increased sensitivity to plaque biofilms

Question 16

clinical features of pubertal gingivitis

Answer 16

accumulation of plaque biofilm
red, inflamed gingiva/BOP
all reversible with homecare and following puberty

Question 17

pregnancy gingivitis

Answer 17

gingival inflammation initiated by plaque biofilm, and exacerbated by hormonal changes

Question 18

pregnancy gingivitis shows an increase in

Answer 18

probing depths
BOP
crevicular fluid flow